Cultural and Literary Expression in Modernity
Purpose of Course showclose
Course Information showclose
Primary Resources: This course is comprised of a range of different free, online materials. However, the course makes primary use of the following materials:
- Langdon Hammer, Modern Poetry (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 22, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.
- Paul H. Fry, Introduction to the Theory of Literature (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 23, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.
- Amy Hungerford, The American Novel Since 1945 (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 23, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.
Learning Outcomes showclose
- Define the terms “modernism” and “modernity” and explain the similarities and differences between these terms using specific works to illustrate comparison and contrast.
- List and explain the importance of a variety of social, cultural, and historical developments leading up to and occurring during the modern period.
- Cite and analyze the meaning of primary works of literature, poetry, art, music, architecture, cinema, philosophy and drama to illustrate the principle characteristics of “modernism.”
- Compare and contrast the literatures of both France and England from the start of the modern era (i.e., the turn of the twentieth century).
- Explain the impact of the Great War upon the development and expression of a variety of literary and artistic forms and especially on poetry in a number of genres.
- Describe the aftermath of World War I and its variety of effects upon literature and art and especially upon the poetry of T.S. Eliot and the novels of Virginia Woolf and Ernest Hemingway.
- Define “High Modernism” and give examples of the tenets, ideals, and even the contradictions and self-contradictions of this movement in history and literature (and especially in both its Irish and British contexts).
- Define the terms “postmodernism” and “deconstruction” as well as the phrase “Magical Realism” and identify the most important characteristics of the movements, fields, theories, and texts associated with these terms.
- Explain the premises of postcolonial literature and literary theory and identify, describe, compare, and contrast postcolonial texts from range of national origins.
Course Requirements showclose
√ Have access to a computer.
√ Have continuous broadband internet access.
√ Have the ability/permission to install plug-ins or software (e.g. Adobe Reader or Flash).
√ Have the ability to download and save files and documents to a computer.
√ Have the ability to open Microsoft files and documents (.doc, .ppt, .xls, etc.).
√ Be competent in the English language.
√ Have read the Saylor Student Handbook.
√ Have completed all courses listed in "The Core Program" of the English Discipline (ENGL101, ENGL201, ENGL202, and ENGL203).
Unit Outline show close
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Unit 1: The Turn of the Century
We will start by situating ourselves in the late 1800s, taking stock of the various social changes and artistic trends that were beginning to challenge predominant 19th-century assumptions, values, and social configurations. It may seem strange to begin this course in Fin-de-Siècle Paris, but, as we will see, much of the art and literature produced in late-1800s France would lay the foundation for 20th-century innovations in English poetry and literature. We will also account for those voices that continued to promote the old-guard imperialist views and Victorian values so inherent to mainstream British literature of the 1800s.
Unit 1 Time Advisory show close
Unit 1 Learning Outcomes show close
- 1.1 The Décadence Tradition
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1.1.1 Definition of Décadence
- Reading: Archive.org: Max Simon Nordau’s “Degeneration”
Link: Archive.org: Max Simon Nordau’s "Degeneration" (HTML)
Also available in:
PDF
Instructions: To read “Book I” of Max Simon Nordau’s “Degeneration,” please follow the link above, then go to the upper left corner under “View the Book,” and click on “Read Online.” Read all of Book I (pp.1-44). In this reading, you will discover a famous explication of the end of the nineteenth century (fin de siècle) and its climate of decadence and world-weariness (ennui) as well as modernism’s rejection of the past.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Archive.org: Max Simon Nordau’s “Degeneration”
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1.1.2 Rejection of Middle-Class, Victorian Culture
- Reading: Dr. Ruth Nestvold’s “Literature at the Turn of the Century: 1800-1918”
Link: Dr. Ruth Nestvold’s “Literature at the Turn of the Century: 1800-1918” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. Nestvold’s essay concerning the relationship between Modernist and Victorian culture and values. Dr. Nestvold has made this text available through her personal website.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Dr. Ruth Nestvold’s “Literature at the Turn of the Century: 1800-1918”
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1.1.3 Decadence and Eroticism in Baudelaire’s Fleurs du Mal
- Reading: Fleursdumal.org’s version of Charles Baudelaire’s “Bénédiction,” “L'Albatros,” and “Élévation” from his Fleurs du Mal
Links: Fleursdumal.org’s version of Charles Baudelaire’s “Bénédiction” (HTML), “L'Albatros” (HTML) and “Élévation” (HTML) from his Fleurs du Mal.
Instructions: Please click on each link above, scroll down the webpage, and read only the 1954 English translation of each poem from Fleurs du Mal. Note how Baudelaire often parodies the tastes and hypocrisy of the bourgeoisie, so make sure to look for this not so hidden disdain for the very audience that often reads his work.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Fleursdumal.org’s version of Charles Baudelaire’s “Bénédiction,” “L'Albatros,” and “Élévation” from his Fleurs du Mal
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1.1.4 The Figure of the Flâneur in the New Urban Landscape
- Reading: Thelemming.com: Dr. Heather Marcelle Crickenberger’s “The Flâneur”
Link: Thelemming.com: Dr. Heather Marcelle Crickenberger’s “The Flâneur” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. Crickenberger’s useful introduction to the figure of the flâneur. You may wish to follow many of the hyperlinks embedded within the text. Make certain to consider how Baudelaire’s notion that “one must shock the bourgeoisie” is incorporated into the daily practice of the flâneur. Also, consider how the flâneur, a man-about-town, is so busy despite his cool and detached strolling about the city.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Thelemming.com: Dr. Heather Marcelle Crickenberger’s “The Flâneur”
- 1.2 “Art for Art’s Sake”: Décadence Arrives in Britain and Other Examples of Decadent Literature
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1.2.1 Introduction to Oscar Wilde and Aestheticism
- Reading: Sweet Briar College: Dr. Christopher L.C.E. Whitcombe’s essay “Art for Art’s Sake” and the OSCHOLAR Library’s version of Dr. Megan Becker-Leckrone’s essay “Oscar Wilde (1854-1900): Aesthetics and Criticism”
Links: Sweet Briar College: Dr. Christopher L.C.E. Whitcombe’s essay “Art for Art’s Sake” (HTML) and the OSCHOLAR Library’s version of Dr. Megan Becker-Leckrone’s essay “Oscar Wilde (1854-1900): Aesthetics and Criticism” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. Whitcombe’s essay as well as the entirety of the OSCHOLAR Library’s version of Dr. Becker-Leckrone’s essay. Consider whether art is created for its own end and whether it can escape its political, historical, and cultural situation.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sweet Briar College: Dr. Christopher L.C.E. Whitcombe’s essay “Art for Art’s Sake” and the OSCHOLAR Library’s version of Dr. Megan Becker-Leckrone’s essay “Oscar Wilde (1854-1900): Aesthetics and Criticism”
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1.2.2 Self-Consciousness and Anti-Romantic Aesthetics in Oscar Wilde’s “The Critic as Artist” Essay
- Reading: The Corpus of Electronic Texts: Oscar Wilde’s “The Critic as Artist”
Link: The Corpus of Electronic Texts: Oscar Wilde's "The Critic as Artist" (HTML)
Also available in:
eText Format in Google Books (Available for Free)
Instructions: Please click on the link for “The text” in the left-hand column of the screen and scroll down and read the entirety of Wilde’s essay. Please note that this is part of a larger anthology so the pagination for this reading is pp. 93-217. Ask yourself if the artist should be engaged actively in social and political critique or if the artist’s primary objective is the aesthetic pursuit of transcendent beauty. Are either of these exclusively possible or is all art, as an aesthetic pursuit, inevitably socially dependent and politically engaged?
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Corpus of Electronic Texts: Oscar Wilde’s “The Critic as Artist”
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1.2.3 The Figure of the Dandy
- Reading: Reading: J.K. Huysmans’ Against the Grain: “Chapters 1 and 2”
Link: J.K. Huysmans' Against the Grain (PDF) "Chapters 1 and 2"
Instructions: Please read the entirety of chapters 1 and 2 of Huysmans’ text (10 pages). The term “dandy” refers to a man who places particular importance on physical appearance, refined language, and leisure. As you read this section, consider the ways in which Huysmans’ text fits the characteristics of a “dandy” and in what ways it does not. Is the text “decadent”? Why or why not?
Terms of Use: The materials above is available for viewing in the Public Domain.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Reading: J.K. Huysmans’ Against the Grain: “Chapters 1 and 2”
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1.2.4 Symbolism in Art
- Reading: The Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: Nicole Myers’ “Symbolism”
Link: Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History:Nicole Myers’ “Symbolism” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the introductory materials, and then click on the “View Slideshow” tab on the upper left corner of the website to start the slideshow of symbolism in art presentation. Consider how literary pursuits of symbolism compare and contrast to visual symbolism.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: Nicole Myers’ “Symbolism”
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1.2.5 Symbolism in Poetry
- Reading: Blackcatpoems.com: Arthur Rimbaud’s “Dawn,” “Departure,” “Eternity,” and “Sleep”
Links: Blackcatpoems.com: Arthur Rimbaud’s “Dawn” (HTML), "Departure" (HTML), "Eternity" (HTML), and "Sleep" (HTML)
Instructions: Please click on each link above, and read Black Cat Poems’ version of Rimbaud’s poems “Dawn,” “Departure,” “Eternity,” and “Sleep.” How does symbolism in poetry function as compared with symbolic prose and symbolism in the visual arts?
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Blackcatpoems.com: Arthur Rimbaud’s “Dawn,” “Departure,” “Eternity,” and “Sleep”
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1.2.6 Symbolism Migrates to the U.K.
- Reading: Duisburg-Essen University’s version of W.B. Yeats’ “The Symbolism of Poetry”
Link: Duisburg-Essen University’s version of W.B. Yeats’ “The Symbolism of Poetry” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Duisburg-Essen University’s version of Yeats’ essay. How does your previous estimation of the function of symbolism in poetry compare with Yeats’ explanation of symbolic poetry?
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Duisburg-Essen University’s version of W.B. Yeats’ “The Symbolism of Poetry”
- 1.3 The Rise of the Modern Metropolis and Economic Contexts
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1.3.1 Brief History of Paris and Its Reorganization under Haussmann
- Reading: Mt. Holyoke College: Dr. Robert M. Schwartz’s “Mapping Paris: Haussmann and the New Paris”
Link: Mt. Holyoke College: Dr. Robert M. Schwart's “Mapping Paris: Haussmann and the New Paris” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. Schwartz’s website concerning Haussmann’s Paris. What unique perspective does the study of architecture give to conceptions of “modernism?” Consider the advantages and disadvantages to urban renewal.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Mt. Holyoke College: Dr. Robert M. Schwartz’s “Mapping Paris: Haussmann and the New Paris”
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1.3.2 Social Dynamics in the New Metropolis
- Reading: San Jose State University: "Georges Haussmann"
Link: San Jose State University: "Georges Haussmann" (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of the essay on Haussmann's Paris. Consider how architecture can either affirm or critique political power.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: San Jose State University: "Georges Haussmann"
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1.3.3 Expressions of City Life in Baudelaire’s Tableaux Parisiens
- Reading: Fleursdumal.org: Charles Baudelaire’s “Paysage,” “Le Soleil,” and “À une passante”
Links: Fleursdumal.org: Charles Baudelaire’s “Paysage” (HTML), “Le Soleil” (HTML), and “À une passante” (HTML)
Instructions: Please click on each link above, scroll down the webpage, and read only the 1954 English translation of each poem from Tableaux Parisiens. The poems describe Baudelaire’s imaginative interactions with the Parisian cityscape.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Fleursdumal.org: Charles Baudelaire’s “Paysage,” “Le Soleil,” and “À une passante”
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1.3.4 Intersection of the Arts: Aubrey Beardsley’s Sketches, the Pace of Modern Urban Life, and His Relationship to Wilde
- Reading: Victorian Web’s “The Life of Aubrey Beardsley,” “Aubrey Beardsley's Works in Art and Literature: A Preliminary List,” and “Illustrating Wilde: An examination of Aubrey Beardsley's interpretation of Salome”
Links: Victorian Web’s “The Life of Aubrey Beardsley,”(PDF), “Aubrey Beardsley's Works in Art and Literature: A Preliminary List” (HTML), and “Illustrating Wilde: An examination of Aubrey Beardsley's interpretation of Salome” (PDF)
Instructions: Please click on each link above, and read the entirety of “The Life of Aubrey Beardsley” and “Illustrating Wilde” articles. Furthermore, after clicking on “Aubrey Beardsley’s Works in Art and Literature: A Preliminary List,” click on and view each individual link on the page to study Beardsley’s art works. Think about the inherent tensions between the Victorian and the emerging “modern” world.
Terms of Use: The VictorianWeb articles above have been reposted by the kind permission of George Landow from Brown University, and can be viewed in its original form here, and here respectively. Please note that this material is under copyright and cannot be reproduced in any capacity without explicit permission from the copyright holder.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Victorian Web’s “The Life of Aubrey Beardsley,” “Aubrey Beardsley's Works in Art and Literature: A Preliminary List,” and “Illustrating Wilde: An examination of Aubrey Beardsley's interpretation of Salome”
- 1.4 Fictions of Empire
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1.4.1 Historical Overview of British Imperialism
- Reading: Victorianweb.org: “The British Empire"
Link: Victorianweb.org: "The British Empire" (PDF)
Instructions: Please read the Victorian Web’s introduction to the British Empire in its entirety (2 pages).
Terms of Use: The VictorianWeb article above has been reposted by the kind permission of George Landow from Brown University, and can be viewed in its original form here. Please note that this material is under copyright and cannot be reproduced in any capacity without explicit permission from the copyright holder.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Victorianweb.org: “The British Empire"
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1.4.2 Rudyard Kipling and “The White Man’s Burden”
- Reading: Fordham University: Professor Paul Halsall’s version of Rudyard Kipling’s “The White Man’s Burden”
Link: Fordham University: Professor Paul Halsall’s version of Rudyard Kipling’s “The White Man’s Burden” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Kipling’s text, a classic example of jingoism.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Fordham University: Professor Paul Halsall’s version of Rudyard Kipling’s “The White Man’s Burden”
- 1.5 Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness
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1.5.1 Conrad and the Ethics of Empire
- Reading: Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness
Link: Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness (PDF)
Also available in:
HTML
Instructions: Please read Joseph Conrad’s novel Heart of Darkness in its entirety (59 pages). As you read Conrad’s novel, consider the ways in which the book represents the “fictions of Empire” that we have explored earlier in our course.
Terms of Use: The material above is available for viewing in the Public Domain.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness
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1.5.2 New Directions in Theme and Style: The Relationship between Heart of Darkness and Victorian Literature
- Reading: Victorianweb.org: Dr. Philip V. Allingham’s “White Lies and Whited Sepulchres in Conrad's Heart of Darkness”
Link: Victorianweb.org: Dr. Philip V. Allingham’s “White Lies and Whited Sepulchres in Conrad's Heart of Darkness” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. Allingham’s critical article on Conrad’s novel (5 pages).
Terms of Use: The VictorianWeb article above has been reposted by the kind permission of George Landow from Brown University, and can be viewed in its original form here. Please note that this material is under copyright and cannot be reproduced in any capacity without explicit permission from the copyright holder.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Victorianweb.org: Dr. Philip V. Allingham’s “White Lies and Whited Sepulchres in Conrad's Heart of Darkness”
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Unit 2: The Outbreak of War
In this unit, we will acquaint ourselves with the historical and social contexts of World War I and then explore the ways in which literary forms developed to make sense of the unanticipated violence and destruction of the first mass war of the 20th century as well as the seeming loss of the old European order. We will compare and contrast the varied poems of this period, identifying their affiliations with certain traditions and their experimentation with new styles and themes, paying particular attention to the ways in which poets used the genre to process the violence of war.
Unit 2 Time Advisory show close
Unit 2 Learning Outcomes show close
- 2.1 “On Or about December 1910, the World Changed”: Historical Contexts
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2.1.1 Edwardian England (1901-1910)
- Reading: PBS: “Introduction: The Edwardian Era (1901-1919),” “Edwardian Life: Royalty and Empire,” “Edwardian Life: Politics,” “Edwardian Life: The Suffragettes,” and “Edwardian Life: Timeline 1905-1914”
Links: PBS: “Introduction: The Edwardian Era (1901-1919)” (HTML), “Edwardian Life: Royalty and Empire” (HTML), “Edwardian Life: Politics” (HTML), “Edwardian Life: The Suffragettes” (HTML), and “Edwardian Life: Timeline 1905-1914” (HTML)
Instructions: Please click on each link above, and read the entirety of each webpage describing and/or detailing different aspects of Edwardian England.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: PBS: “Introduction: The Edwardian Era (1901-1919),” “Edwardian Life: Royalty and Empire,” “Edwardian Life: Politics,” “Edwardian Life: The Suffragettes,” and “Edwardian Life: Timeline 1905-1914”
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2.1.2 Georgian England (1910-1914)
- Reading: The Royal Household’s “George V”
Link: The Royal Household’s "George V" (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of each webpage describing and/or detailing different aspects of Georgian England.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Royal Household’s “George V”
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2.1.3 World War I (1914-1918)
- Reading: BBC: Dr. Gary Sheffield’s “The Origins of World War One,” Dr. Stephen Badsey’s “The Western Front and the Birth of Total War,” Dr. Joanna Bourke’s “Shell Shock During World War One,” and Dr. Ruth Henig’s “Versailles and Peacemaking”
Links: BBC: Dr. Gary Sheffield’s “The Origins of World War One” (HTML), Dr. Stephen Badsey’s “The Western Front and the Birth of Total War” (HTML), Dr. Joanna Bourke’s “Shell Shock During World War One” (HTML), and Dr. Ruth Henig’s “Versailles and Peacemaking” (HTML)
Instructions: Please click on each link above, and read the entirety of each respective piece concerning a different aspect of the Great War. Consider how World War I undermines the previous political organization of Edwardian and Georgian England. Also, investigate how technological advances contributed to the unique devastation of “The War to End All Wars.”
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: BBC: Dr. Gary Sheffield’s “The Origins of World War One,” Dr. Stephen Badsey’s “The Western Front and the Birth of Total War,” Dr. Joanna Bourke’s “Shell Shock During World War One,” and Dr. Ruth Henig’s “Versailles and Peacemaking”
- 2.2 Experimental Poetics in the Early 20th Century
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2.2.1 Imagism and Challenges to Conventional Modes of Representation
- Reading: University of Pennsylvania: Dr. Al Filreis’ “Imagism” and Bartleby.com: Ezra Pound’s “In a Station of the Metro”
Links: University of Pennsylvania: Dr. Al Filreis' “Imagism” (HTML) and Bartleby.com: Ezra Pound's "In a Station of the Metro" (HTML)
Also available in:
eText format on the Kindle (Available for Purchase for $1.56)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. Filreis’ introduction to “imagism” and Bartleby’s version of Pound’s imagist poem.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: University of Pennsylvania: Dr. Al Filreis’ “Imagism” and Bartleby.com: Ezra Pound’s “In a Station of the Metro”
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2.2.2 Introduction to Erich Auerbach’s Mimesis and Changing Conceptualizations of Reality
- Reading: Princeton University Press: Edward Said’s “Introduction to the Fiftieth Anniversary Edition [of Erich Auerbach’s Mimesis]”
Link: Princeton University Press: Edward Said's “Introduction to the Fiftieth-Anniversary Edition [of Erich Auerbach’s Mimesis]” (HTML)
Also available in:
PDF
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Said’s introduction to Auerbach’s famous text. To view this document in PDF format, please select the link just above the text of the introduction. As you read Said’s introduction to Auerbach’s text, consider the ways in which Auerbach’s work illuminates our course’s primary texts.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Princeton University Press: Edward Said’s “Introduction to the Fiftieth Anniversary Edition [of Erich Auerbach’s Mimesis]”
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2.2.3 Ezra Pound and the Luminous Detail—Pound’s Imagist Poems
- Reading: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry—Clive Wilmer’s “Pound’s Life and Career” and Bartleby.com: Ezra Pound’s “Greek”
Links: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry—Clive Wilmer’s "Pound's Life and Career" (HTML) and Bartleby.com: Ezra Pound's “Greek” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of both Modern American Poetry’s version of Wilmer’s piece on Pound as well as Pound’s imagist poem. Consider how Pound offers an example of imagist poetry.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry—Clive Wilmer’s “Pound’s Life and Career” and Bartleby.com: Ezra Pound’s “Greek”
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2.2.4 Comparison of Imagism to Georgian Poetic Traditions (Review of Poems by Walter de la Mare)
- Reading: Grand Valley State University: Dr. Michael Webster’s “Poetic Modes in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century” and Poetry X.com: Walter de la Mare’s “The Truants”
Links: Grand Valley State University: Dr. Michael Webster's “Poetic Modes in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century” (HTML) and PoetryX.com: Walter de la Mare's “The Truants” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. Webster’s piece on poetic modes as well as the entirety of de la Mare’s poem for an example of the Georgian poetic tradition.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Grand Valley State University: Dr. Michael Webster’s “Poetic Modes in the Late 19th and Early 20th Century” and Poetry X.com: Walter de la Mare’s “The Truants”
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2.2.5 Wyndham Lewis and Vorticism
- Reading: Vorticism.co.uk: “Before Vorticism,” “About Vorticism: Introduction,” and “The Rebel Art Centre”; Universidad de la Rioja: “Introduction: Wyndham Lewis, The Listener, and the Institutions”; and The Nasher Museum of Art: “The Vorticists: Rebel Artists in London and New York, 1914-18”
Link: Vorticism.co.uk: "Before Vorticism" (HTML), "About Vorticism: Introduction" (HTML), "The Rebel Art Centre" (HTML); Universidad de la Rioja: “Introduction: Wyndham Lewis, The Listener, and the Institutions” (HTML); and The Nasher Museum of Art: “The Vorticists: Rebel Artists in London and New York, 1914-18” (HTML)
Instructions: Please click on each link above, and read the entirety of each respective webpage.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Vorticism.co.uk: “Before Vorticism,” “About Vorticism: Introduction,” and “The Rebel Art Centre”; Universidad de la Rioja: “Introduction: Wyndham Lewis, The Listener, and the Institutions”; and The Nasher Museum of Art: “The Vorticists: Rebel Artists in London and New York, 1914-18”
- 2.3 The Experience of War: Violence, Memory, and Art
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2.3.1 The Horrors of Modern Trench Warfare
- Reading: 1914-1918.net’s “In the Trenches”
Link: 1914-1918.net’s “In the Trenches” (HTML)
Instructions: Please scroll down and read the entirety of this explication of trench warfare during the Great War.
About the Link: 1914-1918.net is a website dedicated to the history of World War I.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: 1914-1918.net’s “In the Trenches”
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2.3.2 Modern Poetry and Its Relationship to Traditional Poetry
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s “Introduction to Modern Poetry"
Link: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s “Introduction to Modern Poetry" (YouTube)
Also available in:
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime
Instructions: Please watch the entirety of Dr. Hammer’s lecture online (about 47 minutes) by clicking on the hyperlink to the video lecture and then clicking on the play tool to begin the lecture.
Terms of Use: Langdon Hammer, Modern Poetry (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 22, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s “Introduction to Modern Poetry"
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2.3.3 Early WWI Poetry and the Jingoist’s Spirit: Poems of John McCrae and Rupert Brooke
- Reading: Bartleby.com John McCrae’s “In Flanders Fields” and Rupert Brooke’s “Peace,” “The Dead,” and “The Soldier”
Links: Bartleby.com John McCrae's "In Flanders Fields" (HTML) and Rupert Brooke’s “Peace” (HTML), “The Dead” (HTML), and “The Soldier” (HTML)
Also available in:
(McCrae)
PDF
eText format for Google Books (Available for Free)
eText format on the Kindle (Available for Purchase for $0.99)
(Brooke)
"Peace"
eText Format for Google Books (Available for Free)
"The Dead"
eText Format for Google Books (Available for Free)
"The Soldier"
PDF
eText Format for Google Books (Available for Free)
Instructions: Please click on each link above, and read the entirety of McCrae’s poem and Brooke’s selected poems.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Bartleby.com John McCrae’s “In Flanders Fields” and Rupert Brooke’s “Peace,” “The Dead,” and “The Soldier”
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2.3.4 Late WWI Poetry and the Loss of Faith in the Empire: Siegfried Sassoon and Wilfred Owen
- Reading: Bartleby.com Siegfried Sassoon’s “To Victory,” “A Mystic as Soldier,” “To His Dead Body,” “Arms and the Man,” and “Before the Battle” as well as Wilfred Owen’s “Arms and the Boy,” “Anthem for Doomed Youth,” and “Dulce et Decorum est”
Links: Bartleby’s version of Siegfried Sassoon’s “To Victory” (HTML), “A Mystic as Soldier”(HTML), “To His Dead Body” (HTML), “Arms and the Man” (HTML), and “Before the Battle” (HTML)
All links also available in:
PDF
eText Format on Google Books (Available for Free)
as well as Wilfred Owen’s “Arms and the Boy” (PDF), “Anthem for Doomed Youth” (PDF), and “Dulce et Decorum est” (PDF)
All Links also available on:
PDF
Instructions: Please click on the title of each poem above, and read each respective poem in its entirety. Please take note of the change in tone that you recognize in these poems when compared to the poems from the previous section’s readings. To access the PDF e-book of Sassoon's poems, follow the link above; to the right of the poet's name, next the PDF icon, select the link "146 poems of Siegfried Sassoon." To access the PDF e-book of Owen's poems, follow the link above; select one of the links following the disclaimer.
Terms of Use: The articles above "Arms and the Boy", "Anthem for the Doomed Youth", and "Dulce et Decorum est" are available for viewing in the Public Domain. Please respect the copyright and terms of use on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Bartleby.com Siegfried Sassoon’s “To Victory,” “A Mystic as Soldier,” “To His Dead Body,” “Arms and the Man,” and “Before the Battle” as well as Wilfred Owen’s “Arms and the Boy,” “Anthem for Doomed Youth,” and “Dulce et Decorum est”
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2.3.5 Theory Capsule: Lecture on the Relationship between Poetry, War, and Memory
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s Lecture on “World War I Poetry in England”
Link: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s Lecture on “World War I Poetry in England” (YouTube)
Available in:
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime
Instructions: Please watch the entirety of Dr. Hammer’s lecture online (about 52 minutes) by clicking on the hyperlink to the video lecture and then clicking on the play tool to begin the lecture.
Terms of Use: Langdon Hammer, Modern Poetry (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 22, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s Lecture on “World War I Poetry in England”
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2.3.6 Explorative Lecture on Wilfred Owen
- Web Media: YouTube: Voices Education Project’s Excerpts from Voices in Wartime
Link: YouTube: Voices Education Project’s Excerpts from Voices in Wartime (YouTube)
Instructions: Please watch the entirety of this excerpt on the life and work of Wilfred Owen from the documentary film Voices in Wartime (about 7 minutes).
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: Voices Education Project’s Excerpts from Voices in Wartime
- 2.4 The Birth of the Avant-Garde
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2.4.1 What Is the Avant-Garde?
- Reading: Presbyterian College’s Introduction to “The Avant-Garde Movement”
Link: Presbyterian College’s Introduction to “The Avant-Garde Movement”(HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Presbyterian College’s introduction to the Avant-Garde movement.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Presbyterian College’s Introduction to “The Avant-Garde Movement”
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2.4.2 BLAST and the Vorticist Legacy
- Reading: Vorticism.co.uk: “BLAST” (HTML) and Brown University and the University of Tulsa: The Modernist Journals Project’s version of BLAST (No. 1)
Link: Vorticism.co.uk: "BLAST" (HTML) and Brown University and the University of Tulsa: The Modernist Journals Project’s version of BLAST (No. 1) (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the Vorticism.co.uk article on “BLAST.” Then, using the scrolling tool that is embedded within the webpage, please explore the Modernist Journals Project’s electronic copy of Lewis’ BLAST, the journal of the Vorticist movement. Click on the thumbnails that you find to go to a specific page of BLAST.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Vorticism.co.uk: “BLAST” (HTML) and Brown University and the University of Tulsa: The Modernist Journals Project’s version of BLAST (No. 1)
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2.4.3 Filippo Marinetti and Futurism: The Intersection of Art and Politics
- Reading: University of Pennsylvania: Dr. Jim English’s version of Filippo Marinetti’s “The Joy of Mechanical Force” and “Futuristic Manifesto”
Link: University of Pennsylvania: Dr. Jim English's version of Filippo Marinetti's “The Joy of Mechanical Force” and “Futuristic Manifesto” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. English’s version of both of Marinetti’s works.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: University of Pennsylvania: Dr. Jim English’s version of Filippo Marinetti’s “The Joy of Mechanical Force” and “Futuristic Manifesto”
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2.4.4 Dadaism and Its Politics
- Reading: University of Pennsylvania: Dr. Jim English’s version of Tristan Tzara’s “Dadaism”
Link: University of Pennsylvania: Dr. Jim English’s version of Tristan Tzara’s “Dadaism” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. English’s version of the famous manifesto of the Dadaist movement by Romanian artist Tristan Tzara.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: University of Pennsylvania: Dr. Jim English’s version of Tristan Tzara’s “Dadaism”
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2.4.5 Cubism in the Visual Arts: Images by Pablo Picasso
- Reading: Robinurton.com: Robin Urton’s “Cubism”
Link: Robinurton.com: Robin Urton’s “Cubism" (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Robin Urton’s introduction to Picasso and view Picasso’s various artworks embedded in the webpage.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: Philadelphia Museum of Art: Michael Taylor’s “Picasso and the Avant-Garde in Paris”
Link: YouTube: Philadelphia Museum of Art: Michael Taylor’s “Picasso and the Avant-Garde in Paris” (YouTube)
Instructions: Please view the entirety of Michael Taylor’s lecture on “Picasso and the Avant-Garde in Paris” (2:39 minutes).
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Robinurton.com: Robin Urton’s “Cubism”
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Unit 3: Post-War Disillusion and "The Lost Generation"
In the post-war years, nothing seemed certain: the old stabilities of empire, religion, and shared social mores seem to have been swept away by the war. In this unit, we will trace the emergence of new literary forms and styles as authors attempted to come to terms with the seeming chaos and disorder of the 1920s, from the disorienting juxtaposition and dense allusiveness of poetry by T.S. Eliot and Ezra Pound to the intense stream-of-consciousness and temporal complexity of Virginia Woolf’s To the Lighthouse. Along the way, we will take a look at the era’s culture of excess and exile, typified by the famous expatriate circle that settled in Paris in the 1920s and included such prominent figures as Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Gertrude Stein.
Unit 3 Time Advisory show close
Unit 3 Learning Outcomes show close
- 3.1 Spiritual Wasteland and the Death of Religion
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3.1.1 Religion in the Post-War World
- Reading: Aftermathwww1.com: Mike Roden’s “Introduction”
Link: Aftermathwww1.com: Mike Roden’s “Introduction” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of this webpage introducing the aftermath of World War I.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Aftermathwww1.com: Mike Roden’s “Introduction”
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3.1.2 The Decay of Culture and Aspects of Religious Doubt in T.S. Eliot’s “The Waste Land”
- Reading: T.S. Eliot’s “The Waste Land”
Link: T.S. Eliot’s “The Waste Land” (PDF)
Also available in:
PDF
eText Format for the Kindle (Available for Free)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Eliot’s poem. To view the poem in another PDF format, please follow the "PDF" link above; select the link "The Waste Land" below the disclaimer. As you read this poem, consider the ways in which it creates a sense of the post-WWI mentality. What features of the poem contribute to that mentality?
Terms of Use: The material above is available for viewing in the Public Domain.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: T.S. Eliot’s “The Waste Land”
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3.1.3 Stylistic Features of T.S. Eliot’s “The Waste Land”: Juxtaposition, Allusion, and Collage
- Reading: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry’s “On The Waste Land” (Readings of the poem by Cleanth Brooks, Joseph Frank, Grover Smith, Stephen Spender, Eloise Knapp Hay, Michael H. Levinson, Calvin Bedient, John Xiros Cooper, Louis Menand, Carol Christ, Michael North, Margot Norris, and Tim Dean)
Link: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry's “On The Waste Land” (Readings of the poem by Cleanth Brooks, Joseph Frank, Grover Smith, Stephen Spender, Eloise Knapp Hay, Michael H. Levinson, Calvin Bedient, John Xiros Cooper, Louis Menand, Carol Christ, Michael North, Margot Norris, and Tim Dean) (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Modern American Poetry’s collection of essays “On The Waste Land.”
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry’s “On The Waste Land” (Readings of the poem by Cleanth Brooks, Joseph Frank, Grover Smith, Stephen Spender, Eloise Knapp Hay, Michael H. Levinson, Calvin Bedient, John Xiros Cooper, Louis Menand, Carol Christ, Michael North, Margot Norris, and Tim Dean)
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3.1.4 Representations of the Modern Metropolis in T.S. Eliot’s “The Waste Land”
- Reading: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry’s excerpt from Jean-Michel Rabaté’s The Ghosts of Modernity in “On the Composition of The Waste Land”
Link: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry’s excerpt from Jean-Michel Rabaté’s The Ghosts of Modernity in “On the Composition of The Waste Land” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read only the excerpt from Rabaté’s The Ghosts of Modernity in Modern American Poetry’s “On the Composition of The Waste Land.”
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry’s excerpt from Jean-Michel Rabaté’s The Ghosts of Modernity in “On the Composition of The Waste Land”
- 3.2 Marxism, Fascism, and the Political Realities of the Interwar Years
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3.2.1 The Frankfurt School on Aesthetics and Politics
- Reading: Marxists.org: Theodor Adorno’s and Max Horkheimer’s “The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception” and Soundscapes: Theodor Adorno’s “Culture Industry Reconsidered”
Links: Marxists.org: Theodor Adorno’s and Max Horkheimer’s “The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception” (HTML) and Soundscapes: Theodor Adorno’s “Culture Industry Reconsidered” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Adorno’s and Horkheimer’s famous essay. Please use Adorno’s “Culture Industry Reconsidered” to make sense of and understand better Adoro’s and Horkheimer’s essay on “The Culture Industry.”
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Marxists.org: Theodor Adorno’s and Max Horkheimer’s “The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception” and Soundscapes: Theodor Adorno’s “Culture Industry Reconsidered”
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3.2.2 W.B. Yeats’ “The Second Coming” and the Sense of the End of an Era
- Reading: Yeatsvision.com: W.B. Yeats’ “The Second Coming”
Link: Yeatsvision.com: W.B. Yeats' “The Second Coming” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Yeats’ poem as well as the accompanying introductory reading of the text provided by yeatsvision.com. To view the poem in PDF format, please follow the "PDF" link above; after the introductory notes, click on the green box "Sample Reading" to open a brief biography of Yeats and the text of "The Second Coming."
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Yeatsvision.com: W.B. Yeats’ “The Second Coming”
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3.2.3 W.H. Auden: Elements of Post-War Anxiety and Guilt
- Reading: University of Toronto: W. H. Auden’s “Paysage Moralise”
Link: University of Toronto: W.H. Auden's "Paysage Moralise" (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Auden’s sestina “Paysage Moralise”—among other things, a meditation on the traumas associated with the Second World War.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: University of Toronto: W. H. Auden’s “Paysage Moralise”
- 3.3 “The Lost Generation”
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3.3.1 An Introduction to Jazz
- Web Media: YouTube: Dr. Gordon Vernick of Georgia State University: Jazz Insights--"What is Jazz?"
Links: YouTube: Dr. Gordon Vernick of Georgia State University: Jazz Insights--"What is Jazz?" (YouTube)
Instructions: Please listen to What is Jazz? by Dr. Gordon Vernick of Georgia State Unversity. He speaks briefly of the history of Jazz, attempts to define the genre and discusses "improvisation" and the ever-changing landscape of Jazz since its inception (5 minutes). As you listen to the selections of jazz provided within the podcast, consider the ways in which modern jazz music resembles some of the modern poetry that you have read thus far in the course. You may wish to visit other podcasts within this same series, Jazz Insights, to learn more about specific Jazz musicians.
Terms of Use: This material is reposted by permission from Dr. Gordon Vernick, and it was produced by WMLB 1690 Atlanta "Voice of the Arts." The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: Dr. Gordon Vernick of Georgia State University: Jazz Insights--"What is Jazz?"
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3.3.2 The American Expatriates: A Culture of Exile and Excess
- Reading: British Library: “Lost Generation”
Link: British Library: "Lost Generation" (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of the British Library’s piece on the “Lost Generation.”
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: British Library: “Lost Generation”
- 3.4 Ernest Hemingway
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3.4.1 The Loss of Optimism and Innocence in Ernest Hemingway’s Farewell to Arms
- Reading: Poetry Foundation: “Ernest M. Hemingway 1899-1961”
Link: Poetry Foundation: “Ernest M. Hemingway 1899-1961” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of the Poetry Foundations Biography of Ernest Hemingway. Pay particular attention to the mention of A Farewell to Arms. You may also wish to click on the “Poems, Articles and More” tab after you have read this biography. The tab “Poems, Articles and More” can be found at the top center of the page, to the right of the “Biography” tab. This optional additional material includes selections of Hemingway’s poems.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: Internet Archives: A Farewell to Arms (1932)
Link: Internet Archives: A Farewell to Arms (Adobe Flash or mp4)
Instructions: Please watch the entirety of this 1932 classical cinematic rendition of Ernest Hemingway’s Farewell to Arms (1 hour 18 minutes), which was directed by Frank Borzage. Make certain to note the disillusionment that Frederick feels in the movie.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Poetry Foundation: “Ernest M. Hemingway 1899-1961”
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3.4.2 Ernest Hemingway on the Role of the Writer: Nobel Prize for Literature Acceptance Speech
- Web Media: John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum’s Hemingway Archive: Ernest Hemingway’s Acceptance Speech for the Nobel Prize Banquet
Link: John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum’s Hemingway Archive: Ernest Hemingway’s Acceptance Speech for the Nobel Prize Banquet (Media Viewer)
Instructions: Please click on the hyperlink above, and listen to the entirety of Hemingway’s acceptance speech written for the Nobel Prize Banquet (2:10 minutes). Hemingway won the Nobel Prize for Literature for The Old Man and the Sea. He did not attend the banquet. His remarks were read at the banquet by Ambassador John Cabot. This file is a recording of Hemingway himself reading the acceptance speech.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum’s Hemingway Archive: Ernest Hemingway’s Acceptance Speech for the Nobel Prize Banquet
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3.4.3 The Great Depression and Conditions of Economic Crisis
- Reading: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry’s “About the Great Depression”
Link: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry's “About the Great Depression” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Modern American Poetry’s introduction to the Great Depression.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry’s “About the Great Depression”
- 3.5 New Frontiers in Form
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3.5.1 Gertrude Stein’s Experimental Form in Tender Buttons
- Reading: Bartleby.com: Gertrude Stein’s “Objects”
Link: Bartleby.com: Gertrude Stein's “Objects” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Bartleby’s version of Stein’s “Objects” from her Tender Buttons.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Bartleby.com: Gertrude Stein’s “Objects”
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3.5.2 The Relationship between Visual and Literary Arts: Stein’s Poetry and Cubist Art
- Reading: Poetry Foundation: “Gertrude Stein 1874-1946”
Link: Poetry Foundation “Gertrude Stein 1874-1946” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of the Poetry Foundations Biography of Gertrude Stein. Please note the parallels between cubist art and Stein’s poetic output. For instance, W.G. Rogers comments on one of her poems by writing: "Tender Buttons is to writing . . . exactly, what cubism is to art." You may also wish to click on the “Poems, Articles and More” tab after you have read this biography. The tab “Poems, Articles and More” can be found at the top center of the page, to the right of the “Biography” tab. This optional additional material includes selections of her poems, articles about her and her poetry as well as streaming videos and podcasts that relate to Gertrude Stein and her importance as a modernist poet.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: “Gertrude Stein, 1905-6”
Link: The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: “Gertrude Stein, 1905-6” (HTML)
Instructions: Please look at the oil on canvas painting of Gertrude Stein by Pablo Picasso. Then read the article that accompanies the painting. Picasso completed this painting as he made his artistic transition to cubism, as you will read about in the short article. Ponder the similarities between the aesthetic vision of Stein and Picasso. Also, make sure you note Picasso’s famous reply to someone’s criticism of the painting that Stein did not look like her portrait. Picasso replied, "She will."
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Poetry Foundation: “Gertrude Stein 1874-1946”
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3.5.3 Excerpts from David Jones’ In Parenthesis: The Blurring of Genre and the Impact of Form
- Reading: Brigham Young University: Excerpts from David Jones’s "In Parenthesis"
Link: Brigham Young University: Excerpts from David Jones’s In Parenthesis (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of the introduction to and selection from Jones’s work. In Parenthesis is David Jones’s modernist adaptation of the epic. Written in poetic prose, its narrative centers upon ordinary infantrymen in the British army during WWI.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Brigham Young University: Excerpts from David Jones’s "In Parenthesis"
- 3.6 Virginia Woolf
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3.6.1 Woolf’s “A Room of One’s Own” and Women in the Early 20th Century
- Reading: Virginia Woolf’s essay “A Room of One’s Own”
Link: Virginia Woolf's essay “A Room of One’s Own” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Woolf’s essay (70 pages).
Terms of Use: The material above is available for viewing in the Public Domain.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Virginia Woolf’s essay “A Room of One’s Own”
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3.6.2 The Bloomsbury Group and Elitist Literary Culture
- Reading: The Tate Museum: “Archive Journeys: Bloomsbury”
Link: The Tate Museum: “Archive Journeys: Bloomsbury” (HTML)
Instructions: Please explore the website, and read the entirety of the tabs “Timeline,” “Biographies,” “Bloomsbury Group,” “Art” and “Further Information.”
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Tate Museum: “Archive Journeys: Bloomsbury”
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3.6.3 Stream of Consciousness and Stylistic Innovation in Virginia Woolf’s To the Lighthouse
- Reading: University of Adelaide: Virginia Woolf’s "To the Lighthouse"
Link: University of Adelaide: Virginia Woolf's To the Lighthouse (HTML)
Instructions: Please click on the links “The Window,” “Time Passes,” and “The Lighthouse” under the Table of Contents, and read each section of The University of Adelaide’s version of Woolf’s novel.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: University of Adelaide: Virginia Woolf’s "To the Lighthouse"
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Unit 4: High Modernist Aesthetics
Drawing from our exposure to the high modernist techniques of Virginia Woolf’s To the Lighthouse, we will work on honing our definition of modernism and one of its most prominent iterations – High Modernism – by identifying some of its characteristic features. In this unit, we will take on one of the most revered (and feared) geniuses of the 20th century, James Joyce, studying his thematic, stylistic, and formal choices and relating them to other 20th century trends we’ve seen thus far.
Unit 4 Time Advisory show close
Unit 4 Learning Outcomes show close
- 4.1 Features of High Modernist Art
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4.1.1 Pastiche and Its Roots in Fin de Siècle Literature
- Reading: University of Pennsylvania: Dr. Al Filreis’ “Pastiche”
Link: University of Pennsylvania: Dr. Al Filreis' “Pastiche” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. Filreis’ webpage concerning pastiche.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: University of Pennsylvania: Dr. Al Filreis’ “Pastiche”
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4.1.2 Self-Consciousness and Alienation of the Self
- Reading: International Socialism: A Quarterly Journal of Socialist Theory: Chris Nineham’s “The Two Faces of Modernism”
Link: International Socialism: A Quarterly Journal of Socialist Theory: Chris Nineham's “The Two Faces of Modernism” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Nineham’s essay.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: International Socialism: A Quarterly Journal of Socialist Theory: Chris Nineham’s “The Two Faces of Modernism”
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4.1.3 The Search for a New Order: High Modernist Architecture and Internationalism
- Reading: Guardian.co.uk: Steve Rose’s “The Many Contradictions of Le Corbusier”
Link: Guardian.co.uk: Steve Rose's “The Many Contradictions of Le Corbusier” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Rose’s piece on Le Corbusier and architecture from this era. Consider how Le Corbusier’s urban planning model is similar to and different from Haussmann’s urban renewal project in Paris.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Guardian.co.uk: Steve Rose’s “The Many Contradictions of Le Corbusier”
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4.1.4 Difficulties of the High Modernist Text: A Lecture on T.S. Eliot
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s "T.S. Eliot" Part 1, "T.S. Eliot" Part 2, and "T.S. Eliot" Part 3
Link: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s “T.S. Eliot” Part 1 (YouTube), “T.S. Eliot” Part 2 (YouTube) and “T.S. Eliot” Part 3 (YouTube)
Also available in:
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime (Part 1)
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime (Part 2)
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime (Part 3)
Instructions: Please watch the entirety of Dr. Hammer’s lecture online (each of the three lectures is about 50 minutes in length) by clicking on the hyperlinks to the video lectures.
Terms of Use: Langdon Hammer, Modern Poetry (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 22, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original versions can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s "T.S. Eliot" Part 1, "T.S. Eliot" Part 2, and "T.S. Eliot" Part 3
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4.1.5 Difficulties of the High Modernist Text: A Lecture on Ezra Pound
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s “Ezra Pound”
Link: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s “Ezra Pound” (YouTube)
Also available in:
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime
Instructions: Please watch the entirety of Dr. Hammer’s lecture online (about 50 minutes).
Terms of Use: Langdon Hammer, Modern Poetry (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 22, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s “Ezra Pound”
- 4.2 Tradition Versus Innovation
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4.2.1 T.S. Eliot’s “Tradition and the Individual Talent” – The Modernist’s Relationship to the Literary Canon
- Reading: Bartleby.com: T.S. Eliot’s “Tradition and the Individual Talent”
Link: Bartleby.com: T.S. Eliot's “Tradition and the Individual Talent” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Bartleby’s version of Eliot’s essay.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Bartleby.com: T.S. Eliot’s “Tradition and the Individual Talent”
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4.2.2 “Make It New”: Allusion and the Relationship between the Old and the New in Ezra Pound’s The Cantos
- Reading: Poets.org: Ezra Pound’s “The Cantos” and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry’s “On Canto I”
Links: Poets.org: Ezra Pound’s The Cantos(HTML) and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry’s “On Canto I”(HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Poets.org’s version of Pound’s Canto I and the entirety of Modern American Poetry’s brief explication of the poem.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Poets.org: Ezra Pound’s “The Cantos” and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Modern American Poetry’s “On Canto I”
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4.2.3 Questions of Form and Genre in "The Cantos"
- Reading: Poets.org: Ezra Pound’s “Canto XIV” and T.S. Eliot’s “Ezra Pound: His Metric and Poetry”
Links: Poets.org: Ezra Pound’s "Canto XIV" (HTML) and T.S. Eliot’s “Ezra Pound: His Metric and Poetry” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Poets.org’s version of Pound’s Canto XIV and the entirety of Eliot’s essay on questions of form and genre in Pound’s poetry.
Terms of Use: The material above "Erza Pound: His Metric and Poetry" is available for viewing in the Public Domain.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Poets.org: Ezra Pound’s “Canto XIV” and T.S. Eliot’s “Ezra Pound: His Metric and Poetry”
- 4.3 An Introduction to James Joyce
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4.3.1 Short Stories from "Dubliners": Exploration of Generic and Thematic Elements and the Representation of Urban Life
- Reading: Project Gutenberg: James Joyce’s “Araby” and “The Dead”
Link: Project Gutenberg: James Joyce’s “Araby” and “The Dead” (HTML)
Instructions: Please scroll down to the “Contents” section, click on the hyperlinks for “Araby” and “The Dead,” and read the entirety of both Project Gutenberg’s version of Joyce’s “Araby” and “The Dead” from Dubliners.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Project Gutenberg: James Joyce’s “Araby” and “The Dead”
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4.3.2 Political and Historical Contexts of Joyce’s Dublin
- Web Media: IrishCulturesandCustoms.com: Irene Togher’s “Joyce’s Dublin” and Irish Virtual Research Library and Archive at University College Dublin: “Joyce’s Dublin: An Exploration of ‘The Dead’”
IrishCulturesandCustoms.com: Irene Togher’s “Joyce’s Dublin” (HTML) and Irish Virtual Research Library and Archive at University College Dublin: “Joyce’s Dublin: An Exploration of ‘The Dead’” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Togher’s introduction to Joyce’s Dublin. Also, after going to the Irish Virtual Research Library and Archive site, please scroll down the webpage, click on the play tool, and listen to both Podcast 1 (about 11 minutes) and Podcast 2 (about 10 minutes).
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: IrishCulturesandCustoms.com: Irene Togher’s “Joyce’s Dublin” and Irish Virtual Research Library and Archive at University College Dublin: “Joyce’s Dublin: An Exploration of ‘The Dead’”
- 4.4 Joyce's Major Works
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4.4.1 "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man": Towards a New Understanding of Art
- Reading: Project Gutenberg: James Joyce’s "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man"
Link: Project Gutenberg: James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (HTML)
Also available in:
PDF
eText Format in Google Books (Available for Free)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Project Gutenberg’s version of Joyce’s text. To view the poem in PDF format, please follow the "PDF" link above, then select the link "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man" below the disclaimer.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Project Gutenberg: James Joyce’s "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man"
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4.4.2 National Identity in "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man"
- Reading: University of Sarajevo: Catherine Akca’s “Religion and Identity in James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man” from Epiphany
Link: University of Sarajevo: Catherine Akca’s “Religion and Identity in James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man” from Epiphany (PDF)
Instructions: From the linked page, find the article title under "Table of Contents," and select the "PDF" link to the right. Please read the entirety of Akca’s essay on Joyce and questions of identity.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: University of Sarajevo: Catherine Akca’s “Religion and Identity in James Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man” from Epiphany
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4.4.3 Excerpts from "Ulysses" and the Stylistic Diversity of James Joyce
- Reading: Project Gutenberg: James Joyce’s Ulysses
Link: Project Gutenberg: James Joyce’s Ulysses (HTML)
Also available in:
PDF
eText Format for the Kindle (Available for Free)
Instructions: Please read only “Part I” and “Part II” of Joyce’s Ulysses. To view in PDF format, please follow the "PDF" link above; scroll down the list of titles to find the link to Ulysses.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Project Gutenberg: James Joyce’s Ulysses
- 4.5 Self-Consciousness and Solipsistic Thought
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4.5.1 An Overview of Sigmund Freud and Contemporary Psychology
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Paul Fry’s “Freud and Fiction”
Link: Yale University: Dr. Paul Fry’s “Freud and Fiction” (YouTube)
Also available in:
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime
iTunes U
Instructions: Please watch the entire lecture linked here (about 50 minutes).
Terms of Use: Paul H. Fry, Introduction to the Theory of Literature (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 23, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Paul Fry’s “Freud and Fiction”
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4.5.2 Surrealism and Its Influence in Photography
- Reading: The Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: James Voorhies’ “Surrealism” and the Department of Photographs’ “Photography and Surrealism”
Links: The Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: James Voorhies’ “Surrealism”(HTML) and the Department of Photographs’ “Photography and Surrealism”(HTML)
Instructions: Read the introductory materials, and then click on the “View Slideshow” tab on the upper left corner of the website to start the slideshows on surrealism and the relationship between photography and surrealism.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: James Voorhies’ “Surrealism” and the Department of Photographs’ “Photography and Surrealism”
- 4.6 Traumatic Narratives
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4.6.1 Post-War Traumatic Stress Disorder and Narrative
- Reading: War Literature and the Arts Journal: Ron Langer’s "Combat Trauma, Memory, and the World War II Veteran” and Purdue University: Dr. Dino Felluga’s Module on Freud “V: On Transference and Trauma”
Links: War Literature and the Arts Journal: Ron Langer’s "Combat Trauma, Memory, and the World War II Veteran" (PDF) and Purdue University: Dr. Dino Felluga’s Module on Freud “V: On Transference and Trauma”(HTML)
Instructions: Click on the article by Ron Langer to link to the PDF and read the entirety of the article as well as the entirety of Dr. Felluga’s module on Freud.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: War Literature and the Arts Journal: Ron Langer’s "Combat Trauma, Memory, and the World War II Veteran” and Purdue University: Dr. Dino Felluga’s Module on Freud “V: On Transference and Trauma”
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4.6.2 Stream-of-Consciousness Narratives: Formal and Stylistic Choices in High Modernist Texts
- Reading: Georgetown University: The International Society for the Study of Narrative’s Explication of “Stream of Consciousness”
Link: Georgetown University: The International Society for the Study of Narrative’s Explication of “Stream of Consciousness” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of the International Society for the Study of Narrative’s introduction to stream of consciousness.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Georgetown University: The International Society for the Study of Narrative’s Explication of “Stream of Consciousness”
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4.6.3 The Modernist’s Focus on Epistemology
- Reading: Marxists.org: Walter Benjamin’s “The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction” and Florida State University, Program in Interdisciplinary Humanities: Patricia Allmer’s and John Sears’ “Reproducing Art: Walter Benjamin’s “Work of Art” Essay Reconsidered”
Links: Marxists.org: Walter Benjamin’s “The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction” (HTML) and Florida State University’s Program in Interdisciplinary Humanities: Patricia Allmer’s and John Sears’ “Reproducing Art: Walter Benjamin’s “Work of Art” Essay Reconsidered” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Benjamin’s famous essay exploring the relationships between Modernist-era media, knowledge, and experience as well as Allmer’s and Sears’ essay explicating and giving context to Benjamin’s text. To view the latter document, please find and follow the link "Introduction" under the column of contributors on the right half of the page.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.The Saylor Foundation does not yet have materials for this portion of the course. If you are interested in contributing your content to fill this gap or aware of a resource that could be used here, please submit it here.
- Reading: Marxists.org: Walter Benjamin’s “The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction” and Florida State University, Program in Interdisciplinary Humanities: Patricia Allmer’s and John Sears’ “Reproducing Art: Walter Benjamin’s “Work of Art” Essay Reconsidered”
-
Unit 5: The Shift to Post-Modernism
Now that we have a better grasp of “modernism,” we will attempt to identify and evaluate the distinctive features of a new literary moment: the post-modern. How does “post-modernism” differ from “modernism,” and what concerns do they share? As we move through some of the most provocative and challenging works of the 20th century in this unit, we will situate the post-modernist’s poetics within the Modern Period and its ever-evolving understanding of the relationship between representation and reality.
Unit 5 Time Advisory show close
Unit 5 Learning Outcomes show close
- 5.1 Features of Post-Modernism
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5.1.1 An Introduction to Post-Modernism
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Paul Fry’s “The Postmodern Psyche” and “The Political Unconscious”
Links: Yale University: Dr. Paul Fry’s “The Postmodern Psyche” (YouTube) and "The Political Unconscious" (YouTube)
Also available in: (The Postmodern Psyche)
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime
iTunes U
Also available in: (The Political Unconscious)
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime
iTunes U
Instructions: Please watch the lectures linked here (each of the two lectures is about 50 minutes in length).
Terms of Use: Paul H. Fry, Introduction to the Theory of Literature (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 23, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original versions can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Paul Fry’s “The Postmodern Psyche” and “The Political Unconscious”
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5.1.2 What Is a Text? Re-Defining Textual Boundaries in the Post-Modern World
- Reading: Ubu.com: Roland Barthes’ “The Death of the Author”
Link: Ubu.com: Roland Barthes’ "The Death of the Author"(HTML)
Instructions: Please scroll down the webpage, click on the link “The Death of the Author,” and read the entirety of this essay.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Ubu.com: Roland Barthes’ “The Death of the Author”
-
5.1.3 Some Tenets of Postmodernism
- Reading: Purdue University: Dr. Dino Felluga’s “General Introduction to the Postmodern”
Links: Purdue University: Dr. Dino Felluga’s “General Introduction to the Postmodern” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. Felluga’s introduction to Postmodernism.
Terms of Use: The linked material above has been reposted by the kind permission of Dr. Dino Felluga, and can be viewed in its original form here. Please note that this material is under copyright and cannot be reproduced in any capacity without explicit permission from the copyright holder.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Purdue University: Dr. Dino Felluga’s “General Introduction to the Postmodern”
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5.1.4 Introduction to Postmodern Critique: Deconstruction
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Paul Fry’s Introductory Lecture on “Deconstruction I” and “Deconstruction II.”
Link: Yale University: Dr. Paul Fry’s Introductory Lecture on "Deconstruction I" (YouTube) and Deconstruction II (YouTube)
Also available in: (Deconstruction I)
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime
iTunes U
Also available in: (Deconstruction II)
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime
iTunes U
Instructions: Please watch the entire lectures linked here. Each of the two lectures is about 50 minutes in length.
Terms of Use: Paul H. Fry, Introduction to the Theory of Literature (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 23, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Paul Fry’s Introductory Lecture on “Deconstruction I” and “Deconstruction II.”
-
5.2 Beckett’s “Waiting for Godot”: Re-Defining the Dramatic Genre
- Reading: Samuel-Beckett.net: Samuel Beckett’s “Waiting for Godot”
Link: Samuel-Beckett.net: Samuel Beckett’s“Waiting for Godot”(HTML)
Also available in:
eText Format for the Kindle (Available for Purchase for $3.95)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Acts I and II of Beckett’s play. There is a link to move on to Act II at the very bottom of Act I’s webpage.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Samuel-Beckett.net: Samuel Beckett’s “Waiting for Godot”
- 5.3 Academic Analysis of Beckett's Godot
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5.3.1 The Relationship Between Language and Being in “Waiting for Godot”
- Reading: Florida State University: Dr. Aspasia Velissariou’s “Language in Waiting for Godot” from Journal of Beckett Studies
Link: Florida State University: Dr. Aspasia Velissariou’s “Language in Waiting for Godot” from Journal of Beckett Studies (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. Velissariou’s essay on Beckett’s play.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Florida State University: Dr. Aspasia Velissariou’s “Language in Waiting for Godot” from Journal of Beckett Studies
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5.3.2 Re-Conceptualizing Identity in “Waiting for Godot”
- Reading: University of Central Florida: Florida Philosophical Review’s version of Dr. John Valentine’s “Nihilism and Eschaton in Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot”
Link: University of Central Florida: Florida Philosophical Review’s version of Dr. John Valentine’s “Nihilism and Eschaton in Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot” (PDF)
Instructions: To view this PDF document, please follow the link above and find the essay title under the Table of Contents; click on the title to open a dialog box with a link to the PDF. Please download and read the entirety of Dr. Valentine’s article on Beckett’s play (12 pages).
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: University of Central Florida: Florida Philosophical Review’s version of Dr. John Valentine’s “Nihilism and Eschaton in Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot”
-
5.3.3 Questioning the Possibility of Representation
- Reading: Yale University Press: Excerpt from Peter Brooks’ Realist Vision “Chapter I: Realism and Representation"
Link: Yale University Press: Excerpt from Peter Brooks’ Realist Vision “Chapter I: Realism and Representation" (PDF)
Instructions: Please follow the link; above the description of the book, find and follow the link "Excerpts" to open the PDF document. Please read the entirety of the excerpt from the first chapter of Brooks’ text.
About the Link: Yale University Press has made available for download online this excerpt from Brooks’ text, which the press has published in print.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Yale University Press: Excerpt from Peter Brooks’ Realist Vision “Chapter I: Realism and Representation"
- 5.4 Borges and New Frontiers in Short Fiction
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5.4.1 The Figure of the Labyrinth and the Complexity of Structure in Borges’ Short Stories
- Reading: Swarthmore College: Paul Willenberg’s “Biographical Sketch” of Jorge Luis Borges and version of Borges’ “The Library of Babel”
Links: Swarthmore College: Paul Willenberg’s “Biographical Sketch” of Jorge Luis Borges (HTML) and version of Borges’ “The Library of Babel” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Willenberg’s biography of Borges and his version of Borges’ short story by clicking on the link for “The Library of Babel” in the column on the left-hand side of the screen.
About the Links: Paul Willenberg maintains this website on Borges through Swarthmore College’s server.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Swarthmore College: Paul Willenberg’s “Biographical Sketch” of Jorge Luis Borges and version of Borges’ “The Library of Babel”
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5.4.2 Magical Realism
- Reading: Emory University: Dr. Deepika Bahri’s Introduction to “Magical Realism” and Monograffi.com’s “What is Magic Realism Art” and “Magic Realism Time Capsule”
Links: Emory University: Dr. Deepika Bahiri’s Introduction to “Magical Realism” (HTML) and Monograffi.com's “What is Magic Realism Art” (HTML) and “Magic Realism Time Capsule” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. Bahri’s introduction to “Magical Realism” and Monograffi.com’s “What Is Magic Realism Art” and “Magical Realism Time Capsule.” Please also scroll across and view all of the examples of Magic Realist art provided by the third hyperlink above.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Emory University: Dr. Deepika Bahri’s Introduction to “Magical Realism” and Monograffi.com’s “What is Magic Realism Art” and “Magic Realism Time Capsule”
-
5.4.3 “The Death of the Author”: Roland Barthes’ Theories and the Question of Authorship in Lolita
- Reading: Roland Barthes’ “The Death of the Author”
Link: Roland Barthes' "The Death of the Author" (HTML)
Instructions: Please scroll down the webpage, click on the link “The Death of the Author,” and re-read the entirety of this essay.
About the Link: Barthes’ essay was originally published in English in the American journal Aspenin 1967. This website reproduces the original text of the essay.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Amy Hungerford’s Lecture on “Vladimir Nabokov, Lolita (cont.)”
Link: Yale University: Dr. Amy Hungerford’s Lecture on “Vladimir Nabokov, Lolita (cont.)” (YouTube)
Also available in:
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime
iTunes U
Instructions: Please watch the entirety of Dr. Hungerford’s lecture online by clicking on the hyperlink to the video.
Terms of Use: Amy Hungerford, The American Novel Since 1945 (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 22, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Roland Barthes’ “The Death of the Author”
- 5.5 Vladimir Nabokov
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5.5.1 Lolita and Issues of Sexuality
- Reading: Random House Press: Excerpt from Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita
Link: Random House Press: Excerpt from Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of the excerpt from Nabokov’s novel.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Amy Hungerford’s Lecture on “Vladimir Nabokov, Lolita”
Link: Yale University: Dr. Amy Hungerford's Lecture on "Vladimir Nabokov, Lolita" (YouTube)
Also available in:
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime
iTunes U
Instructions: Please watch the entirety of Dr. Hungerford’s lecture online (about 50 minutes in length) by clicking on the hyperlink to the video.
Terms of Use: Amy Hungerford, The American Novel Since 1945 (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 22, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Random House Press: Excerpt from Vladimir Nabokov’s Lolita
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5.5.2 Linguistic Play in Lolita
- Lecture: Yale University: Guest Lecture by Andrew Goldstone
Link: Yale University: Guest Lecture by Andrew Goldstone (YouTube)
Available in:
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime
iTunes U
Instructions: Please watch online the entirety of Andrew Goldstone’s lecture on Lolita (about 50 minutes).
Terms of Use: Amy Hungerford, The American Novel Since 1945 (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 22, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: Yale University: Guest Lecture by Andrew Goldstone
-
5.5.3 Moral Relativism and Nabokov’s Work
- Reading: Random House Press: Martin Amis’ “On Lolita”
Link: Random House Press: Martin Amis' “On Lolita” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Amis’ essay on some of the moral dimensions of Nabokov’s novel.
About the Link: Random House Press has made available online Amis’ essay through the press’ website.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Random House Press: Martin Amis’ “On Lolita”
-
Unit 6: A Post-Colonial World and Voices From the Margins
In the 20th century, we have seen the decline of Empire and the emergence of a new, post-colonial world order. How did these sweeping changes impact the literary landscape of the Modern Period? In this unit, we will examine the legacy of colonization and the emergence of new voices capable of re-writing history and re-defining the destiny and cultural significance of English literature. In the process, we will pay particular attention to the ways in which former subjects have negotiated with English literary conventions in order to “make it new” once more.
Unit 6 Time Advisory show close
Unit 6 Learning Outcomes show close
- 6.1 Derek Walcott and “Language Poised Between Defiance and Translation”
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6.1.1 Brief Overview of Post-Colonial Studies
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Paul Fry’s “Post-Colonial Criticism”
Link: Yale University: Dr. Paul Fry’s “Post-Colonial Criticism” (YouTube)
Also available in:
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime
iTunes U
Instructions: Please watch the entire lecture (about 50 minutes) linked here.
Terms of Use: Paul H. Fry, Introduction to the Theory of Literature (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 23, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Paul Fry’s “Post-Colonial Criticism”
-
6.1.2 Derek Walcott’s Omeros: Matters of Genre, Tradition, and Perspective
- Lecture: BBC: World Book Club—Harriet Gilbert’s Interview with Derek Walcott on December 16, 2008
Link: BBC: World Book Club’s "Harriet Gilbert’s Interview with Derek Walcott on December 16, 2008" (Mp3)
Instructions: Please listen to the entirety of Gilbert’s interview with Walcott (about 52 minutes) in which the poet reads from his epic poem Omeros and discusses his work.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: BBC: World Book Club—Harriet Gilbert’s Interview with Derek Walcott on December 16, 2008
-
6.1.3 Selection from Derek Walcott’s Poetry
- Reading: The Poetry Foundation: Derek Walcott’s “Becune Point”
Link: The Poetry Foundation: Derek Walcott’s "Becune Point" (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of this selection as well as the“About this Poem” tab found in the upper right hand corner of the page.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Poetry Foundation: Derek Walcott’s “Becune Point”
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6.1.4 Defining Our Terms: “Postcolonial Literature”
- Reading: Washington State University: Dr. Paul Brians’ “‘Postcolonial Literature’: Problems with the Term”
Link: Washington State University: Dr. Paul Brians' “‘Postcolonial Literature’: Problems with the Term” (HTML)
Instructions: Please scroll down and read the entirety of Dr. Brians’ essay on the problems with the term “Postcolonial Literature.”
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Washington State University: Dr. Paul Brians’ “‘Postcolonial Literature’: Problems with the Term”
- 6.2 Redefining “The Other” in a Post-Colonial Africa
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6.2.1 Re-Contextualizing Conrad in the Post-Colonial World
- Reading: Shirley Galloway ‘s “An Inglorious Enterprise: Empire, Ideology and Transformation in Heart of Darkness and A Passage to India”
Link: Shirley Galloway ‘s “An Inglorious Enterprise: Empire, Ideology and Transformation in Heart of Darkness and A Passage to India” (HTML)
Instructions: Please click on the hyperlink above and read the entirety of Galloway’s essay.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Shirley Galloway ‘s “An Inglorious Enterprise: Empire, Ideology and Transformation in Heart of Darkness and A Passage to India”
-
6.2.2 Exploring the Legacy of Western Colonial Oppression in Achebe’s Things Fall Apart
- Lecture: YouTube: Afrikanews’ “Nigerian Writer Chinua Achebe on CNN’s ‘African Voices’”
Link: YouTube: Afrikanews’ “Nigerian Writer Chinua Achebe on CNN’s ‘African Voices’” (Youtube)
Also available in:
Adobe Flash: Through CNN
Instructions: Please watch the entirety of CNN.com’s interview with Achebe (9:13 minutes).
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: YouTube: Afrikanews’ “Nigerian Writer Chinua Achebe on CNN’s ‘African Voices’”
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6.2.3 A New Hybridity: The Fusion of European and Nigerian Motifs in Things Fall Apart
- Reading: Postcolonialweb.org: Melissa Culross’ “Chinua Achebe’s Biography and Style” and “Chinua Achebe & Things Fall Apart”
Links: Postcolonialweb.org: Melissa Culross’ “Chinua Achebe’s Biography and Style” (HTML) and “Chinua Achebe & Things Fall Apart” (HTML)
Instructions: Please click on the hyperlinks above, and read the entirety of both pieces concerning the life and work of Achebe.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Postcolonialweb.org: Melissa Culross’ “Chinua Achebe’s Biography and Style” and “Chinua Achebe & Things Fall Apart”
-
6.2.4 Post-Modern Terminology: Mimicry, Ambivalence and Hybridity
- Reading: Emory University: Dr. Deepika Bahri’s Introduction to “Mimicry, Ambivalence and Hybridity”
Link: Emory University: Dr. Deepika Bahri's Introduction to “Mimicry, Ambivalence and Hybridity” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Dr. Bahri’s introduction to questions of identity and post-coloniality.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Emory University: Dr. Deepika Bahri’s Introduction to “Mimicry, Ambivalence and Hybridity”
- 6.3 The Irish Question
-
6.3.1 Overview of Anglo-Irish Relations
- Reading: BBC: “The Anglo-Irish War”
Link: BBC: “The Anglo-Irish War” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of BBC.com’s introduction to Anglo-Irish relations and the Anglo-Irish War.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: BBC: “The Anglo-Irish War”
-
6.3.2 The Yeats Legacy: Yeats and Irish Politics
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s “William Butler Yeats Part 1,” "William Butler Yeats Part 2," and "William Butler Yeats Part 3"
Link: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s “William Butler Yeats” lectures including "William Butler Yeats Part 1" (YouTube), "William Butler Yeats Part 2" and "William Butler Yeats 3" (Adobe Flash)
Also available in:
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime (Part 1)
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime (Part 2)
HTML, Adobe Flash, Mp3 or QuickTime (Part 3)
Instructions: Please watch the entirety of Dr. Hammer’s lecture online by clicking on the hyperlink to the video lecture. Each of the three lectures is about 50 minutes in length.
Terms of Use: Langdon Hammer, Modern Poetry (Yale University: Open Yale Courses), http://oyc.yale.edu (Accessed February 22, 2011). License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: Yale University: Dr. Langdon Hammer’s “William Butler Yeats Part 1,” "William Butler Yeats Part 2," and "William Butler Yeats Part 3"
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6.3.3 The New Bard: Seamus Heaney, Irish Tradition, and Memory
- Reading: Ibiblio.org: “Biography: Seamus Heaney”
Link: Ibiblio.org: “Biography: Seamus Heaney” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of the Internet Poetry Archive’s introduction to Heaney.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: Lannan.org: Seamus Heaney’s “Reading, October 1, 2003”
Link: Lannan.org: Seamus Heaney’s “Reading, October 1, 2003”
Instructions: Click on the hyperlink to the Lannan Foundation’s page on Heaney, scroll down, and click on the play tool to begin and watch the entirety of Heaney’s reading (about 39 minutes), given on October 1, 2003.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyrights and terms of use displayed on the webpages above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Ibiblio.org: “Biography: Seamus Heaney”
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6.3.4 Politics and Poetics: Heaney and the Place of the Poet in Modern Culture
- Web Media: Lannan.org: “Seamus Heaney with Dennis O’Driscoll, Conversation, 1 October 2003”
Link: Lannan.org: “Seamus Heaney with Dennis O’Driscoll, Conversation, 1 October 2003” (Video)
Instructions: Please click on the hyperlink to the Lannan Foundation’s page on Heaney, scroll down, and click on the play tool to begin and watch the entirety of Haney’s conversation with Dennis O’Driscoll (about 39 minutes).
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: Lannan.org: “Seamus Heaney with Dennis O’Driscoll, Conversation, 1 October 2003”
- 6.4 East Meets West: Indian Post-Colonial Narratives
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6.4.1 History of India’s Colonization
- Reading: Victorianweb.org: Dr. David Cody’s “British India” and Dr. George Landow’s “The British East India Company—the Company that Owned a Nation (or Two)”
Links: Victorianweb.org: Dr. David Cody’s “British India” (PDF) and Dr. George Landow’s “The British East India Company—the Company that Owned a Nation (or Two)” (PDF)
Instructions: Please click on each hyperlink above, and read the entirety of both essays.
Terms of Use: The VictorianWeb articles above have been reposted by the kind permission of George Landow from Brown University, and can be viewed in its original form here and here respectively. Please note that this material is under copyright and cannot be reproduced in any capacity without explicit permission from the copyright holder.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Victorianweb.org: Dr. David Cody’s “British India” and Dr. George Landow’s “The British East India Company—the Company that Owned a Nation (or Two)”
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6.4.2 Gandhi and Non-Violent Resistance to British Colonial Rule
- Web Media: Open Culture: Mahatma Gandhi Talks
Link: Open Culture: Mahatma Gandhi Talks (Video)
Instructions: Please watch the entirety of this interview with Mahatma Gandhi (about 4 minutes), a vintage video that captures Gandhi’s view on Indian Independence from British colonial rule.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: Open Culture: Mahatma Gandhi Talks
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6.4.3 Excerpts from Salman Rushdie’s Midnight’s Children: Issues of Migration, Homeland, and Post-Colonialist Tensions
- Reading: Columbia University: Midnight’s Children Events: “Interview with Salman Rushdie & President Lee Bollinger”
Link: Columbia University: Midnight's Children Events: “Interview with Salman Rushdie & President Lee Bollinger” (YouTube)
Instructions: Please watch the entirety of this interview with Rushdie (about 55 minutes), in which he discusses his novel at Columbia University. In March of 2003, Columbia University held a series of events in celebration of Rushdie’s publication of Midnight’s Children, and this interview was part of those events.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Columbia University: Midnight’s Children Events: “Interview with Salman Rushdie & President Lee Bollinger”
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6.4.4 Identity and Boundaries in Midnight’s Children
- Reading: Postcolonialweb.org: Sébastien Blache’s “The Dynamic of Representation in Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children”
Link: Postcolonialweb.org: Sébastien Blache’s “The Dynamic of Representation in Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Blache’s essay on Rushdie’s novel.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Postcolonialweb.org: Sébastien Blache’s “The Dynamic of Representation in Salman Rushdie's Midnight's Children”
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6.4.5 A New English: The Poetics of Arundhati Roy’s God of Small Things
- Lecture: YouTube: Prague Writers’ Festival’s “Arundhati Roy Reads from God of Small Things”
Link: YouTube: Prague Writers’ Festival’s "Arundhati Roy Reads from God of Small Things" (Video)
Instructions: Please watch the entirety of Roy’s reading from her novel online (about 3 minutes).
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: YouTube: Prague Writers’ Festival’s “Arundhati Roy Reads from God of Small Things”
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6.4.6 Post-Colonial Narrative and The God of Small Things
- Reading: Postcolonialweb.org: Prasenjit Maiti’s “Credence and Reality: On the Said and the Implied in Postcolonial Narratives—Roy's The God of Small Things”
Link: Postcolonialweb.org: Prasenjit Maiti’s “Credence and Reality: On the Said and the Implied in Postcolonial Narratives—Roy's The God of Small Things” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the entirety of Maiti’s essay on Roy’s novel.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Postcolonialweb.org: Prasenjit Maiti’s “Credence and Reality: On the Said and the Implied in Postcolonial Narratives—Roy's The God of Small Things”
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6.4.7 Recent Developments in the Visual Arts of India
- Reading: Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: Atteqa Ali’s “Recent Art of India”
Links: Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: Atteqa Ali’s “Recent Art of India” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the introductory materials, and then click on the “View Slideshow” tab on the upper left corner of the website to start the slideshows on surrealism and the relationship between photography and surrealism.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History: Atteqa Ali’s “Recent Art of India”
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ENGL204 Essay Prompts
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation's "Essay Prompts and Self-Grading Rubric"
Link: The Saylor Foundation's "Essay Prompts and Self-Grading Rubric" (PDF)
Instructions: Read the linked pdf and follow the instructions given.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation's "Essay Prompts and Self-Grading Rubric"
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Final Exam
- Final Exam: The Saylor Foundation's "ENGL204 Final Exam"
Link: The Saylor Foundation's "ENGL204 Final Exam"
Instructions: You must be logged into your Saylor Foundation School account in order to access this exam. If you do not yet have an account, you will be able to create one, free of charge, after clicking the link.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Final Exam: The Saylor Foundation's "ENGL204 Final Exam"
Questions? Consult the FAQ's!

