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Course Question & AnswerWeb Media
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1.2.3 Web Media: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory’s Inside Cancer: “Hallmarks of Cancer”
Link: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory’s Inside Cancer: “Hallmarks of Cancer” (Adobe Flash)
Instructions: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory offers this four module series called Inside Cancer. We will focus on the module called “Hallmarks of Cancer” to understand how cancer cells evade suicide signals to become immortalized. Click on “Hallmarks of Cancer” to open the module. There are eight sections in this module. Start with the Overview and work your way through the remaining sections: Growing Uncontrollably, Evading Death, Processing Nutrients, Becoming Immortal, Invading Tissues, Avoiding Detection, and Promoting Mutations. For each section, you will need to click the arrow to move to the next step in the animation.
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2.1.1 Web Media: The University of Utah: Genetic Science and Learning Center’s “Tour of the Basics”
Link: The University of Utah: Genetic Science and Learning Center’s “Tour of the Basics” (Adobe Flash)
Instructions: The University of Utah presents this excellent tour of DNA. Click on “What Is DNA?” to start the presentation. Click next to continue through the animation. Also, view the following presentations: “What Is a Gene?” “What Is a Chromosome?” “What Is a Protein?” “What Is Heredity?” and “What Is a Trait?” These will provide you with great information about DNA, its structure, how it provides the recipe for proteins, and its importance for traits and disease risk.
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2.2.1 Web Media: University of Nebraska: Patty Hain and Nathan Wambaugh’s “Transcription/Translation Overview”
Link: University of Nebraska: Patty Hain and Nathan Wambaugh’s “Transcription/Translation Overview” (Adobe Flash)
Instructions: This animation will introduce you to transcription and translation. Click the arrows at the bottom right to move the animation forward.
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2.2.2 Web Media: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Charlotte Pratt and Kathleen Cornely’s Essential Biochemistry: “Signal Transduction”
Link: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Charlotte Pratt and Kathleen Cornely’s Essential Biochemistry: “Signal Transduction” (Adobe Flash)
Instructions: Work your way through the seven modules in this signal transduction unit. Your knowledge will be tested as you move forward in these modules. Notice how the first messenger (ligand) binds activating the second messenger (cAMP for example) activating other factors (such as kinases) amplifying the signal of the single ligand.
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2.2.3 Web Media: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Gene Function”
Link: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Gene Formation” (Adobe Flash)
Instructions: Transcription factors are involved in numerous parts of the transcription process converting DNA into pre-mRNA and following splicing mRNA. Review the steps of transcription, including the animation, taking special note of the role of transcription factors. Click the next arrow to go to the transcription factors page that lists common transcription factors involved in cancer. Review the estrogen receptor animation.
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2.2.5 Web Media: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Introduction to Cancer Genes Oncogenes”
Link: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Introduction to Cancer Genes Oncogenes” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the Cancer Genes Overview, and then click on the Oncogenes tab to the left. There are eleven pages to the module, including some interactive videos. Be sure to view these. Click next to move on to subsequent pages.
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3.1 Web Media: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Cell Division”
Link: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Cell Division” (HTML)
Instructions: This module does a great job reviewing all of the steps of the cell cycle and relating it to cancer and cancer treatment. Start with the introduction and work your way through the summary. Click on next to move to subsequent pages, and click on the tab to the left to go to the next section. Make sure to view the animations that are found throughout this module. Focus on the different phases of the cell cycle and the ways that deviation from these normal phases might lead to cancer.
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3.2.3 Web Media: YouTube: University of California at San Francisco: Dr. David O. Morgan’s “Part 1: Controlling the Cell Cycle: Introduction”
Link: YouTube: University of California at San Francisco: Dr. David O. Morgan’s “Part 1: Controlling the Cell Cycle: Introduction” (YouTube)
Instructions: Please watch this video in its entirety (28:31 minutes). This video does a great job of reviewing the cell cycle and presents a lot of good information about cyclin-dependent kinases from Dr. Morgan, a cdk expert. Pay special attention to the information about cdks.
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3.3.1 Web Media: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Introduction to Cancer Genes Tumor Suppressors”
Link: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Introduction to Cancer Genes Tumor Suppressors” (HTML)
Instructions: You have already read the Cancer Genes Overview. Click on the Tumor Suppressors tab to the left. There are eleven pages to the module, including some interactive videos. Be sure to view all of the videos. Click next to move to subsequent pages.
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3.3.2.1 Web Media: Cold Stream Harbor Laboratory’s DNA Learning Center: “Causes, Smoking: p53”
Link: Cold Stream Harbor Laboratory’s DNA Learning Center: “Causes, Smoking: p53” (Adobe Flash)
Instructions: You might recall that the protein p53 is a transcription factor. As mentioned, p53 works in a manner that classifies it as a tumor suppressor. Cold Stream Harbor Laboratory presents this animation of how transcription factor and tumor suppressor p53 regulates the cell cycle allowing for DNA repair. Use the forward arrow to work your way through the phases of the animation.
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3.3.2.2 Web Media: The McGraw Hill Companies’ “How Tumor Suppressor Genes Block Cell Division”
Link: The McGraw Hill Companies’ “How Tumor Suppressor Genes Block Cell Division” (Adobe Flash)
Instructions: You might recall that like p53, retinoblastoma is a transcription factor that also acts as a tumor suppressor. This animation shows how retinoblastoma and p53 work together to control the progression of the cell cycle. Press play to start.
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4.2.2 Web Media: C-Span’s “The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks”
Link: C-Span’s “The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks” (Adobe Flash)
Instructions: View this video interview (34:27 minutes) about the first immortalized cell line, known as HeLa cells, taken from African-American Henrietta Lacks. Author Rebecca Skloot, who wrote the book The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, thoroughly discusses Henrietta and her immortal cervical cells in this interview. Johns Hopkins took these cells from Henrietta Lacks without her knowledge or consent. HeLa cells have been one of the greatest tools in research leading to numerous medical and scientific discoveries.
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4.3.1 Web Media: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Cancer Formation”
Link: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Cancer Formation” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the section titled Cancer Initiation, Promotion, and Progression, and then click next to view the second page titled Stages of Tumor Development.
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4.3.1 Web Media: Mercer University’s School of Medicine: WebPath’s “Neoplasia”
Link: Mercer University’s School of Medicine: WebPath’s “Neoplasia” (HTML)
Instructions: WebPath covers numerous pathological processes, including the development of cancer or neoplasia. This module covers important features of tumor formation including hyperplasia (the overproduction of normal cells, which can be normal or abnormal) and the conversion to metaplasia, and dysplasia. Please view slides 1–30, paying particular attention to the images.
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4.3.2 Web Media: Mercer University’s School of Medicine: WebPath’s “Neoplasia”
Link: Mercer University’s School of Medicine: WebPath’s “Neoplasia” (HTML)
Instructions: WebPath covers numerous pathological processes, including the development of cancer or neoplasia. This module covers important features of tumor formation including anaplasia. View image 52, and notice the lack of development of the cells.
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5.1.1 Web Media: National Cancer Institute’s “Understanding Cancer Series: Angiogenesis”
Link: National Cancer Institute’s “Understanding Cancer Series: Angiogenesis” (HTML, PDF, or PPT)
Instructions: This slide presentation thoroughly covers angiogenesis. Click on slide 1, and read the notes that accompany the slide. Once you have finished with this slide, click the forward arrow to view the next slide. Continue until you have viewed slides 1 through 10. This slide presentation is available for downloading as a PDF or a PowerPoint with notes, using the options on the left of the screen.
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5.1.2 Web Media: National Cancer Institute’s “Understanding Cancer Series: Angiogenesis”
Link: National Cancer Institute’s “Understanding Cancer Series: Angiogenesis” (HTML, PDF or PPT)
Instructions: Click on slide 11 to start. Press the forward arrow to move to the next slide. View slides 11 through 14. This slide presentation is available for downloading as a PDF, or a PowerPoint with notes, using the options on the left of the screen.
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5.1.3 Web Media: National Cancer Institute’s “Understanding Cancer Series: Angiogenesis”
Link: National Cancer Institute’s “Understanding Cancer Series: Angiogenesis” (HTML, PDF, or PPT)
Instructions: Click on slide 15 to start. Press the forward arrow to move to the next slide. View slides 15 through 26. This slide presentation is available for downloading as a PDF, or a PowerPoint with notes, using the options on the left of the screen.
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5.2.1 Web Media: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Hallmark of Cancer: Metastasis”
Link: Emory University’s CancerQuest “Hallmark of Cancer: Metastasis” (HTML)
Instructions: Read this single webpage about one of the hallmarks of cancer, metastasis. Pay special attention to the focus on adhesion molecules and their role in this process.
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5.2.3 Web Media: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Metastasis”
Link: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Metastasis” (HTML and PDF)
Instructions: This first slide shows the common routes of metastasis—through the blood, lymphatic system, and body cavity wall. Once you have viewed the first slide, click next to view the second (lymphatic system) and then third (model). This material can be viewed in PDF by clicking “Download as PDF” under the title.
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6.1.3 Web Media: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory’s Inside Cancer “Causes and Prevention”
Link: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory’s Inside Cancer “Causes and Prevention” (Adobe Flash)
Instructions: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory offers this four module series called Inside Cancer. This module covers some of the same carcinogens covered by the National Cancer Institute but also covers some new carcinogens. This source offers a more in depth look at many of these. We will focus on the module called “Causes and Prevention” to further examine what is understood about different cancer causing agents or carcinogens. Click on Causes and Prevention. There are seven sections in this module. Start with the Overview and work your way through the other six sections: Smoking, Inheritance, Diet, Mold, Viruses, and Sunlight. For each section, you will need to click the arrow to move to the next step in the animation. You will also want to click on the arrows next to the words on each slide to view more information about the factors listed.
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6.2.1 Web Media: University of Pittsburgh’s Supercourse: Tee L. Guidotti’s “Carcinogenesis”
Link: University of Pittsburgh’s Supercourse: Tee L. Guidotti’s “Carcinogenesis” (HTML)
Instructions: Click start to begin. View this slide set about carcinogenesis and the stages involved. There are 21 slides total; you do not need to click on or fill out the information in the “Review” section.
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6.2.1 Web Media: Mercer University’s School of Medicine: WebPath’s “Neoplasia”
Link: Mercer University’s School of Medicine: WebPath’s “Neoplasia” (HTML)
Instructions: WebPath covers numerous pathological processes, including the development of cancer. Look at slides 71 through 79 to understand the process of oncogenesis and view tissue slides.
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6.2.2 Web Media: University of Pittsburgh’s Supercourse: Paolo Vineis’s “Gene-Environment Interactions in Cancer”
Link: University of Pittsburgh’s Supercourse: Paolo Vineis’s “Gene-Environment Interactions in Cancer” (HTML)
Instructions: Click on start to begin. Work your way through this slide set, which thoroughly covers the gene-environment interaction observed in caner. There are 21 slides total; you do not need to click on or fill out the information in the “Review” section.
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6.3.1 Web Media: University of Pittsburgh’s Supercourse: Gary D. Friedman’s “Screening Carcinogens for Possible Carcinogenesis: Three Decades of Experience”
Link: University of Pittsburgh’s Supercourse: Gary D. Friedman’s “Screening Carcinogens for Possible Carcinogenesis: Three Decades of Experience” (HTML)
Instructions: Click on start to begin. Work your way through this slide set, which thoroughly covers how potential carcinogens are screened. There are 30 slides total; you do not need to click on or fill out the information in the “Review” section.
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7.2.2.1 Web Media: Susan G. Komen for the Cure’s “Breast Cancer 101”
Link: Susan G. Komen for the Cure’s “Breast Cancer 101” (Adobe Flash)
Instructions: Scroll all the way to the bottom of this webpage. You will see a link under the pink heading “Breast Cancer 101 (Interactive Tool).” Click on the view program in English link. The program will load. Work your way through this interactive tool to learn about breast cancer screening, development, and treatment.
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8.2.1 Web Media: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Surgery for Cancer”
Link: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Surgery for Cancer” (HTML)
Instructions: Read this page about surgery for cancer and view the two animations. Once you reach the bottom of the page, view the three short videos covering the breast and lymph node biopsy and pathology.
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8.2.2 Web Media: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Introduction to Hormonal Cancer Treatment”
Link: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Introduction to Hormonal Cancer Treatment” (HTML)
Instructions: View the six pages in this module by clicking next. Be sure to view the animations about different mechanisms of drug action.
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8.2.3 Web Media: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Introduction to Radiation Therapy”
Link: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Introduction to Radiation Therapy” (Adobe Flash)
Instructions: View the eleven pages in this module. Be sure to watch the documentary about radiation therapy on the first page. Click on the five different topics at the bottom of the documentary as well as the different patient interviews to the right. On some of the pages, expert video commentary is given.
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8.2.4 Web Media: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Introduction to Chemotherapy”
Link: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Introduction to Chemotherapy” (Adobe Flash)
Instructions: View the nine pages in this module. This module thoroughly covers many of the chemotherapeutic agents.
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8.2.5 Web Media: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Introduction to Antibodies”
Link: Emory University’s CancerQuest: “Introduction to Antibodies” (HTML)
Instructions: This is a fairly short module with only three pages. View all three of these, which focus on antibody treatments. Immunology is the study of antigen-antibody interactions and immunotherapy is treatment, which uses antibodies.
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8.3.1 Web Media: University of Texas: MD Anderson Cancer Center’s “Stem Cells, Explained”
Link: University of Texas: MD Anderson Cancer Center’s “Stem Cells, Explained” (mp3)
Instructions: Listen to this entire Podcast of Dr. Frank Marini explaining about stem cells and their use in treatments including cancer. This Podcast lasts about 1 hour. Please note that you may also download the transcript on this webpage.
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8.3.4 Web Media: NPR’s Talk of the Nation: “Beyond the ‘War’, The Future of Cancer Treatment”
Link: NPR’s Talk of the Nation: “Beyond the ‘War’, The Future of Cancer Treatment” (Adobe Flash)
Instructions: Listen to this NPR radio interview (17:02 minutes) with Dr. Mukherjee of Columbia University, who discusses the future of cancer treatment including stem cells and Gleevec.
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