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Analytical Chemistry
Purpose of Course showclose
Course Information showclose
Course Designer: Joanna Smithback, Ph.D.
Primary Resources: This course combines the core resources listed below for a series of readings and corresponding mini-lectures.
- David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0
- Sheffield Hallam University’s Analytical chemistry tutorials
- Rob Lederer’s Bannanaiscool’s chemistry lectures
- C.R. Harrison’s Chemistry lectures
Time Commitment: This course should take approximately 80.5 hours to complete, exclusive of the final exam. The 50-question exam should take no more than 2 hours.
Tips/Suggestions: The material in this builds upon a basic understanding of chemical structure and bonding. If you find that you are having difficulty understanding some of the concepts, it is suggested that you review this information from the prerequisite courses. A printed periodic table, containing element names, symbols, and atomic masses, and a calculator are also suggested for use throughout this course. They are also allowed to be used on the final exam.
Learning Outcomes showclose
- Demonstrate a mastery of various methods of expressing concentration.
- Use a linear calibration curve to calculate concentration.
- Describe the various spectrochemical techniques as described within the course.
- Use sample data obtained from spectrochemical techniques to calculate unknown concentrations or obtain structural information where applicable.
- Describe the various chromatographies described within this course and analyze a given chromatogram.
- Demonstrate an understanding of electrochemistry and the methods used to study the response of an electrolyte through current of potential.
Course Requirements showclose
√ Have access to a computer.
√ Have continuous broadband internet access.
√ Have the ability/permission to install plug-ins or software (e.g. Adobe Reader or Flash).
√ Have the ability to open Microsoft files and documents (.doc, .ppt, .xls, etc.).
√ Be competent in the English language.
√ Have read the Saylor Student Handbook.
√ Have completed all “Pre-Requisites” of the Chemistry discipline (CHEM001, CHEM002, CHEM003, and CHEM004).√ Have completed General Chemistry I & II (CHEM101 & CHEM102) as listed in “The Core Program” of the Chemistry discipline.
Unit Outline show close
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Unit 1: Introduction
The first section of this unit is a review of general chemistry. We then move into anintroduction to analytical chemistry by introducing basic terms. Because analytic chemistry involves the study of measuring the chemical composition of materials, methods of data analysis that will be used throughout the courseare explained. The unit concludes with an explanation of gravimetric and titrimetric methods which are commonly utilized in analysis.
Unit 1 Time Advisory show close
Unit 1 Learning Outcomes show close
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1.1 Stoichiometry
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 2, Section 2C: Stoichiometric Calculations”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 2, Section 2C: Stoichiometric Calculations” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 2 to open the PDF. Read Section 2C, starting on page 23 of the text. This material is a review of stoichiometry from general chemistry. Please note that you will be returning to this chapter for reading material as you move through the course, so you may choose to save this to your desktop for easy access.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 2: Basic Tools of Analytical Chemistry” Practice Exercise 2.4
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 2: Basic Tools of Analytical Chemistry” Practice Exercise 2.4 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 2 to open the PDF. Work through practice exercise 2.4 on page 24. The solution to the problem is on page 39.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You can find the original version here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 2, Section 2C: Stoichiometric Calculations”
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1.2 Units of Concentration
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 2, Section 2B: Concentration”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 2, Section 2B: Concentration” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 2 to open the PDF. Read section 2B, starting on page 18 of the text.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 2: Basic Tools of Analytical Chemistry” Practice Exercises 2.2, 2.5, and 2.6
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 2: Basic Tools of Analytical Chemistry” Practice Exercises 2.2, 2.5, and 2.6 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 2 to open the PDF. Work through practice problems 2.2 (p. 21), 2.5 (p. 31), and 2.6 (p. 32). Solutions to the problems begin on page 38.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 2, Section 2B: Concentration”
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1.2.1 Molarity
- Web Media: YouTube: Bannanaiscool’s “Solutions IV: Calculating Molarity”
Link: YouTube: Bannanaiscool’s “Solutions IV: Calculating Molarity” (YouTube)
Instructions: Watch the video (runtime: 4:36 minutes) to reinforce what you read about molarity.
Terms of Use: The linked material above has been reposted by the kind permission of Rob Lederer, and can be viewed in its original from here. Please note that this material is under copyright and cannot be reproduced in any capacity without explicit permission from the copyright holder.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: Bannanaiscool’s “Solutions IV: Calculating Molarity”
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1.2.2 Molality
- Reading: Connexions: Sunil Kumar Singh’s “Stoichiometry”: “Molal Concentration”
Link: Connexions: Sunil Kumar Singh’s “Stoichiometry”: “Molal Concentration” (PDF)
Instructions: Read the entire webpage to learn about molal concentration, and work through the examples given. Try to work through the problem for each example before viewing the solution.
Terms of Use: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic License. It is attributed to Sunil Kumar Singh and the original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Connexions: Sunil Kumar Singh’s “Stoichiometry”: “Molal Concentration”
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1.2.3 Percent Concentrations
- Reading: Connexions: Sunil Kumar Singh’s “Stoichiometry”: “Molar Concentration”
Link: Connexions: Sunil Kumar Singh’s “Stoichiometry”: “Molar Concentration” (PDF)
Instructions: Read the entire webpage to learn about molar concentration, and work through the examples given. Try to work through the problem for each example before viewing the solution. This material also reinforces the topic outlined in subunit 1.2.1 of this course.
Terms of Use: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic License. It is attributed to Sunil Kumar Singh and the original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Connexions: Sunil Kumar Singh’s “Stoichiometry”: “Molar Concentration”
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1.2.4 Parts per Billion and Parts per Million
- Reading: Professor Stephen Lower’s Chem1 Virtual Textbook: “Solutions 1”
Link: Professor Stephen Lower’s Chem1 Virtual Textbook: “Solutions 1” (PDF)
Instructions: Focus on the sections concerning “Parts per Concentration” and “Dilution Calculations.” Also, review the material pertaining to percent concentrations, molarity, and molality. This reading also covers the topic outlined in subunit 1.2.5 of this course.
Terms of Use: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. It is attributed to Stephen Lower and the original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Professor Stephen Lower’s Chem1 Virtual Textbook: “Solutions 1”
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1.2.5 Stock Solutions and Dilutions
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 2, Section 2E: Concentration”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 2, Section 2E: Concentration” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 2 to open the PDF. Read section 2E, starting on page 30 of the text. This material explains the preparation of stock solutions and the process of diluting stock solutions for sample preparation.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: Bannanaiscool’s “Solutions V: Dilution Calculations”
Link: YouTube: Bannanaiscool’s “Solutions V: Dilution Calculations” (YouTube)
Instructions: Watch the video (runtime: 5:20 minutes) to learn about solution preparation apparatus and dilution calculations.
Terms of Use: The linked material above has been reposted by the kind permission of Rob Lederer, and can be viewed in its original from here. Please note that this material is under copyright and cannot be reproduced in any capacity without explicit permission from the copyright holder.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 2, Section 2E: Concentration”
- 1.3 Sampling of Analyte
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1.3.1 Preparation of Sample
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5A: Analytical Standards”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5A: Analytical Standards” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 5 to open the PDF. Read Section 5A (pages 154 and 155). The material on serial dilution is a review of material from 1.2.5. You may choose to save this file to your desktop for easy access.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5A: Analytical Standards”
- 1.3.1.1 Primary and Secondary Standards
- 1.3.1.2 Serial Dilution
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1.3.2 Calibration
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5C: Determining the Sensitivity (kA)”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5C: Determining the Sensitivity (kA)” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 5 to open the PDF. Read Section 5C (pages 156-170). Please note that standards can be external or internal and are always used to calibrate the instrument response as part of the experimental procedure. You may choose to save this file to your desktop for easy access.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5: Standardizing Analytical Methods” Practice Exercises 5.1-5.3
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5: Standardizing Analytical Methods” Practice Exercises 5.1-5.3 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 5 to open the PDF. Work through practice problems 5.1 (p. 160), 5.2 (p. 166), and 5.3 (p. 167). Solutions to the problems begin on page 202.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5C: Determining the Sensitivity (kA)”
- 1.3.2.1 Using an External Standard
- 1.3.2.2 Method of Standard Addition
- 1.3.2.3 Using an Internal Standard
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1.3.2.4 Blank Corrections
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5E: Blank Corrections”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5E: Blank Corrections” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 5 to open the PDF. Read Section 5E (pages 186–188). Please note that standards can be external or internal and are always used to calibrate the instrument response as part of the experimental procedure. You may choose to save this file to your desktop for easy access.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5E: Blank Corrections”
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1.3.3 Linear Regression from Data
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5D: Linear Regression and Calibration Curves”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5D: Linear Regression and Calibration Curves” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 5 to open the PDF. Read Section 5D (pages 170–186). Please note that, while not covered as part of this course, Section 5F of the text describes how to use Microsoft® Excel for these types of calculations. Optionally, you may review Section 5F (pages 188–196). You may choose to save this file to your desktop for easy access.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5: Standardizing Analytical Methods” Practice Exercise 5.5
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5: Standardizing Analytical Methods” Practice Exercise 5.5 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 5 to open the PDF. Work through practice problem 5.5 (p. 182). The solution to this problem is found on page 206.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5D: Linear Regression and Calibration Curves”
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1.4 Parameters of Analytical Measurement
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 3, Section 3D: Selecting an Analytical Method”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 3, Section 3D: Selecting an Analytical Method” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 3 to open the PDF. Read section 3D, starting on page 45 of the text. This material covers the topics outlined in sub-subunits 1.4.1–1.4.5. Please review the additional reading in these sub-subunits as supplemental text. The characteristics described are considered when selecting an analytical method. You may choose to save this file to your desktop for easy access.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You can find the original version here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 3: The Vocabulary of Analytical Chemistry” Practice Exercises 3.1 and 3.2
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 3: The Vocabulary of Analytical Chemistry” Practice Exercises 3.1 and 3.2 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 3 to open the PDF. Work through practice exercises 3.1 (p. 48) and 3.2 (p. 50). Solutions to the problems begin on page 61.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You can find the original version here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 3, Section 3D: Selecting an Analytical Method”
- 1.4.1 Accuracy and Precision
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1.4.2 Sensitivity
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5C: Determining the Sensitivity (kA)”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5C: Determining the Sensitivity (kA)” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 5 to open the PDF. Read section 5C, starting on page 156 of the text.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 5, Section 5C: Determining the Sensitivity (kA)”
- 1.4.3 Specificity and Selectivity
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1.4.4 Detection Limit
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 4, Section 4G: Detection Limits”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 4, Section 4G: Detection Limits” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 4 to open the PDF. Read section 4G starting on page 117 of the text. You may choose to save this file to your desktop for easy access.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 4, Section 4G: Detection Limits”
- 1.4.5 Other Considerations
- 1.4.5.1 Robustness and Ruggedness
- 1.4.5.2 Scale of Operation
- 1.4.5.3 Equipment, Time, and Cost
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1.5 Gravimetric Analysis
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 8: Gravimetric Methods”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 8: Gravimetric Methods” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 8 to open the PDF. Read the material on pages 355-394 of the text. You may choose to save this file to your desktop for easy access.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You can find the original version here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 8: Gravimetric Methods:” Practice Exercises 8.1-8.7
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 8: Gravimetric Methods:” Practice Exercises 8.1-8.7 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 8 to open the PDF. Work through practice exercises 8.1 (p. 361), 8.2 (p. 376), 8.3 (p. 378), 8.4 (p. 379), 8.5 (p. 381), 8.6 (p. 383), and 8.7 (p. 389). Solutions to the problems begin on page 405.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You can find the original version here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 8: Gravimetric Methods”
- 1.6 Titrimetric Analysis
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1.6.1 Acid-Base Titrations
- Web Media: YouTube: Bannanaiscool’s “Senior Chemistry: Acids and Bases I-XV”
Link: YouTube: Bannanaiscool’s “Senior Chemistry: Acids and Bases I-XV” (YouTube)
Instructions: Watch the video in its entirety (total runtime: 78:55 minutes). These lectures review acid-base chemistry and calculations.
Terms of Use: The linked material above has been reposted by the kind permission of Rob Lederer, and can be viewed in its original from here. Please note that this material is under copyright and cannot be reproduced in any capacity without explicit permission from the copyright holder.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 9, Section 9B: Acid-Base Titrations”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 9, Section 9B: Acid-Base Titrations” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 9 to open the PDF. Read section 9B, starting on page 417 of the text. You may choose to save this file to your desktop for easy access.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s “Analytical Chemistry 2.0”: “Chapter 9: Titrimetric Methods:” Practice Exercises 9.1-9.11
Link: David Harvey’s “Analytical Chemistry 2.0”: “Chapter 9: Titrimetric Methods” Practice Exercises 9.1-9.11 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 9 to open the PDF. Work through practice exercises 9.1 (p. 419), 9.2 (p. 422), 9.3 (p. 425), 9.4 (p. 426), 9.5 (p. 430), 9.6 (p. 446), 9.7 (p. 447), 9.8 (p. 448), 9.9 (p. 450), 9.10 (p. 452), and 9.11 (p. 453). Solutions to the problems begin on page 528.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: C. R. Harrison’s “Methyl Red Titration”
Link: YouTube: C. R. Harrison’s “Methyl Red Titration” (YouTube)
Instructions: Please watch this brief 2-minute video. Titration determines unknown concentrations of a known reactant and is performed in a laboratory; however, this video demonstrates an acid-base titration with methyl red endpoint indicator.
Terms of Use: The linked material above has been reposted by the kind permission of C.R. Harrison. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You can find the original version here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign’s Technology Studies in Education Portal: Mihye Won’s “Virtual Chemistry Lab for Acid-Base Titration”
Link: University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign’s Technology Studies in Education Portal: Mihye Won’s “Virtual Chemistry Lab for Acid-Base Titration” (HTML)
Instructions: Please follow the instructions on the webpage to experience this virtual chemistry lab. Titration determines unknown concentrations of a known reactant and is performed in a laboratory. This simulation demonstrates acid base titrations using an indicator endpoint.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: Bannanaiscool’s “Senior Chemistry: Acids and Bases I-XV”
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1.6.2 Complexation Titrations and EDTA
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 9, Section 9C: Complexation Titrations”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 9, Section 9C: Complexation Titrations” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 9 to open the PDF. Read section 9C, starting on page 459 of the text.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s “Analytical Chemistry 2.0”: “Chapter 9: Titrimetric Methods:” Practice Exercises 9.12-9.16
Link: David Harvey’s “Analytical Chemistry 2.0”: “Chapter 9: Titrimetric Methods” Practice Exercises 9.12-9.16 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 9 to open the PDF. Work through practice problems 9.12 (p. 466), 9.13 (p. 468), 9.14 (p. 475), 9.15 (p. 475), and 9.16 (p. 477). Solutions to the problems begin on page 533.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: C. R. Harrison’s “Calcium-EDTA Titration”
Link: YouTube: C. R. Harrison’s “Calcium-EDTA Titration” (YouTube)
Instructions: Please watch this brief 3-minute video. Titration determines unknown concentrations of a known reactant and is performed in a laboratory; however, this video demonstrates a common complexation titration using EDTA.
Terms of Use: The linked material above has been reposted by the kind permission of C.R. Harrison. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You can find the original version here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 9, Section 9C: Complexation Titrations”
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1.6.3 Redox Titrations
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 9, Section 9D: Redox Titrations”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 9, Section 9D: Redox Titrations” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 9 to open the PDF. Read section 9D, starting on page 478 of the text.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 9: Titrimetric Methods:” Practice Exercises 9.17-9.21
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 9: Titrimetric Methods” Practice Exercises 9.17-9.21 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 9 to open the PDF. Work through practice problems 9.17 (p. 482), 9.18 (p. 485), 9.19 (p. 487), 9.20 (pg 500), and 9.21 (p. 502). Solutions to the problems begin on page 537.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: C.R. Harrison’s “Glucose Analysis Titration”
Link: YouTube: C. R. Harrison’s “Glucose Analysis Titration” (YouTube)
Instructions: Watch this short video (runtime: 3:29 minutes). Titration determines unknown concentrations of a known reactant and is performed in a laboratory. This titration is classified as an iodometric titration.
Terms of Use: The linked material above has been reposted by the kind permission of C.R. Harrison. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You can find the original version here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 9, Section 9D: Redox Titrations”
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1.6.4 Precipitation Titrations
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 9, Section 9E: Precipitation Titrations”
Link: David Harvey’s “Analytical Chemistry 2.0”: “Chapter 9, Section 9E: Precipitation Titrations” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 9 to open the PDF. Read section 9E, starting on page 502 of the text.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s “Analytical Chemistry 2.0”: “Chapter 9: Titrimetric Methods:” Practice Exercises 9.22 and 9.23
Link: David Harvey’s “Analytical Chemistry 2.0”: “Chapter 9: Titrimetric Methods” Practice Exercises 9.22 and 9.23 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 9 to open the PDF. Try to complete practice problems 9.22 (p. 505) and 9.23 (p. 510). Solutions to the problems begin on page 541.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: C.R. Harrison’s “Chloride Titration”
Link: YouTube: C. R. Harrison’s “Chloride Titration” (YouTube)
Instructions: Please watch this video in its entirety (runtime: 4:26 minutes). Titration determines unknown concentrations of a known reactant and is performed in a laboratory. This particular titration uses an absorption indicator and silver(I) ion to precipitate the chloride ion, a process known as Fajan’s method.
Terms of Use: The linked material above has been reposted by the kind permission of C.R. Harrison. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 9, Section 9E: Precipitation Titrations”
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Unit 2: Spectrochemical Methods
This unit is a survey of various spectrochemical methods, which depend on the measurement of the wavelength and intensity of electromagnetic radiation. Chemical compounds are measured by the amount of energy absorbed as molecules change based on these methods. The unit begins with an explanation of the different types of electromagneticradiationand the different methods of measuring this radiation. Each spectrochemical methodhas its own advantages and disadvantages. As you move through theunit, make sure you also have a general idea of the components within the spectrometer. This unit moves on to describe UV-Visible and Infra-Red(IR) spectroscopy. UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy is most useful in determining the concentration of a sample (Beer’s Law) and in determining if conjugation is present in the molecule. Furthermore, molecules containing charge-transfer properties can also be measured via UV-Vis spectroscopy.IR is useful to identify functional groups as we have seen in organic chemistry. This unit concludes with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which is primarily used in structure elucidation of organic compounds.
Unit 2 Time Advisory show close
Unit 2 Learning Outcomes show close
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2.1 Principles of Spectroscopy
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10A: Overview of Spectroscopy”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10A: Overview of Spectroscopy” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 10 to open the PDF. Read section 10A, starting on page 544 of the text. You may choose to save this file to your desktop for easy access. This material also covers the topics outlined in sections 2.1.1-2.1.3 of this course.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10A: Overview of Spectroscopy”
- 2.1.1 Electromagnetic Radiation
- 2.1.2 Signal Source
- 2.1.3 Instrument Components
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2.2 Beer’s Law (A = ?bc)
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10B: Spectroscopy Based on Absorption”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10B: Spectroscopy Based on Absorption” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 10 to open the PDF. Read section 10B, starting on page 556 of the text. This material also covers the topics outlined in sections 2.2.1-2.2.5 of this course.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10: Spectroscopic Methods:” Practice Exercises 10.1-10.4
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10: Spectroscopic Methods:” Practice Exercises 10.1-10.4 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 10 to open the PDF. Try to solve practice problems 10.1 (p. 546), 10.2 (p. 547), 10.3 (p. 562), and 10.4 (p. 564). Solutions to these problems begin on page 662.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Beer’s Law”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Beer’s Law” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the entire webpage. This material explains the variables and applications of Beer’s Law.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Beer’s Law Quiz”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Beer’s Law Quiz” (HTML)
Instructions: Complete the quiz, and then check your answers by clicking on the button at the bottom of the webpage.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: Davidson College: David N. Blauch’s “Virtual Chemistry Experiments: Analysis of an Unknown Solution”
Link: Davidson College: David N. Blauch’s “Virtual Chemistry Experiments: Analysis of an Unknown Solution” (HTML, Java)
Instructions: This is a simulated laboratory experiment. You will measure the transmittance of samples of known concentrations in order to construct a calibration curve. You will then measure the transmittance of an unknown sample and use the calibration curve to determine its concentration. Remember A = -log(T).
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- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10B: Spectroscopy Based on Absorption”
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2.3 UV-Visible (UV-Vis) and Infrared Absorption (IR) Spectroscopy
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10C: UV/Vis and IR Spectroscopy”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10C: UV/Vis and IR Spectroscopy” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 10 to open the PDF. Read section 10C, starting on page 567 of the text.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10: Spectroscopic Methods:” Practice Exercises 10.5-10.10
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10: Spectroscopic Methods:” Practice Exercises 10.5-10.10 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 10 to open the PDF. Work on practice exercises 10.5 (p. 582), 10.6 (p. 584), 10.7 (p. 586), 10.8 (p. 590), 10.9 (p. 594), and 10.10 (p. 595). Solutions to these problems begin on page 663.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10C: UV/Vis and IR Spectroscopy”
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2.3.1 UV-Vis Spectroscopy
- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the entire webpage. This material explains how UV-Vis spectroscopy analyzes samples.
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- Assessment: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles Quiz”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles Quiz” (HTML)
Instructions: Complete the quiz, and check your answers by clicking on the button at the bottom of the page.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy – Instrumentation”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy – Instrumentation” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the entire webpage. This material covers the components of a UV-Vis spectrophotometer.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy – Instrumentation Quiz”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy – Instrumentation Quiz” (HTML)
Instructions: Complete the quiz, and check your answers by clicking on the button at the bottom of the page.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles”
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2.3.2 IR Spectroscopy
- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Infra-Red Absorption Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Infra-Red Absorption Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the entire webpage. This material explains how IR spectroscopy analyzes samples.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Infra-Red Absorption Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles Quiz”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Infra-Red Absorption Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles Quiz” (HTML)
Instructions: Complete the quiz, and check your answers by clicking on the button at the bottom of the page.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Infra-Red Absorption Spectroscopy – Instrumentation”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Infra-Red Absorption Spectroscopy – Instrumentation” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the entire webpage. This material covers the components of an IR spectrophotometer.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Infra-Red Absorption Spectroscopy – Instrumentation Quiz”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Infra-Red Absorption Spectroscopy – Instrumentation Quiz” (HTML)
Instructions: Complete the quiz, and then check your answers by clicking on the button at the bottom of the page.
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- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Infra-Red Absorption Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles”
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2.4 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the entire webpage. This material explains how NMR spectroscopy analyzes samples.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles Quiz”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles Quiz” (HTML)
Instructions: Complete the quiz, and then check your answers by clicking on the button at the bottom of the page.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy – Instrumentation”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy – Instrumentation” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the entire webpage. This material covers the components of an NMR spectrometer.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy – Instrumentation Quiz”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy – Instrumentation Quiz” (HTML)
Instructions: Complete the quiz, and then check your answers by clicking on the button at the bottom of the page.
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- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles”
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Unit 3: Atomic Spectrocsopy
This unit covers atomic spectroscopy. Atomic spectroscopy is an extension of spectrochemical methods. In IR,there is not enough energy to excite electrons as in fluorescence and phosphorescence,but there is enough to produce changes in vibrational and rotation modes. Fluorescence and phosphorescence occurs when electrons within a structure are excited by electromagnetic energy (absorption) and then allowed to relax to their ground state. The energy released from this relaxation process can then be detected and is related to molecular structure. This unit also discusses turbidimetry and nephelometry, which does not involve the exchange of energy but relates directly to the scattering of light.
Unit 3 Time Advisory show close
Unit 3 Learning Outcomes show close
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3.1 Atomic Absorption (AA)
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10D: Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10D: Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 10 to open the PDF. Read section 10D, starting on page 599 of the text.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: Amy Hrdina’s “Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry”
Link: YouTube: Amy Hrdina’s “Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry” (YouTube)
Instructions: Watch this brief video (runtime: 2:37 minutes). This video demonstrates the laboratory technique used for flame atomic absorption spectroscopy.
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- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10D: Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy”
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3.2 Emission Spectroscopy
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10E: Emission Spectroscopy”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10E: Emission Spectroscopy” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 10 to open the PDF. Read section 10E, starting on page 612 of the text.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10E: Emission Spectroscopy”
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3.2.1 Fluorescence and Phosphorescence
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10F: Photoluminescence Spectroscopy”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10F: Photoluminescence Spectroscopy” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 10 to open the PDF. Read section 10F, starting on page 613 of the text.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Luminescence Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Luminescence Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the entire webpage. This material explains the process of emission and how it is utilized in analysis of chemical compounds.
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- Assessment: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Luminescence Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles Quiz”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Luminescence Spectroscopy – Theoretical Principles Quiz” (HTML)
Instructions: Complete the quiz, and then check your answers by clicking on the button at the bottom of the page.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Luminescence Spectroscopy – Instrumentation”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Luminescence Spectroscopy – Instrumentation” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the entire webpage. This material describes the components and setup of fluorescence and phosphorescence spectrophotometers.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Luminescence Spectroscopy – Instrumentation Quiz”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “UV-Vis Luminescence Spectroscopy – Instrumentation Quiz” (HTML)
Instructions: Complete the quiz, and then check your answers by clicking on the button at the bottom of the page.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10F: Photoluminescence Spectroscopy”
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3.2.2 Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10G: Atomic Emission Spectroscopy”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10G: Atomic Emission Spectroscopy” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 10 to open the PDF. Read section 10G, starting on page 626 of the text.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: You Tube: Amrita University’s “Emission Spectra Simulation”
Link: You Tube: Amrita University’s “Emission Spectra Simulation” (YouTube)
Instructions: Watch this short video (runtime: 2:41 minutes). This video demonstrates atomic emission of various compounds.
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- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10G: Atomic Emission Spectroscopy”
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3.3 Turbidimetry and Nephelometry
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10H: Spectroscopy Based on Scattering”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10H: Spectroscopy Based on Scattering” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 10 to open the PDF. Read section 10H, starting on page 636 of the text.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 10, Section 10H: Spectroscopy Based on Scattering”
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Unit 4: Chromatography
Chromatography is the science of separation. It is useful to purify a type of sample. Many times in organic chemistry after a reaction is run,column chromatography must be performed to separate the desired product from by-products and/or starting materials. Within a more analytical chemistry context, a sample may need to be purified before further analysis can be performed. Chromatography is the method by which to purify the sample.
Unit 4 Time Advisory show close
Note: As you may recall from organic chemistry, mass spectra is the most well known and most useful atomic spectroscopy. It is a method of finding the atomic mass of a sample. It uses the mass/charge ratio of fragments produced after a sample has been ionized.
Unit 4 Learning Outcomes show close
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4.1 Chromatography Overview
- Reading: David Harvey’s “Analytical Chemistry 2.0”: “Chapter 12: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods”
Link: David Harvey’s “Analytical Chemistry 2.0”: “Chapter 12: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 12 to open the PDF. Read all of Chapter 12, pages 783-866 of the text. This material covers all sections of Unit 4.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: YouTube: MIT: Sarah Tabacco’s “TLC - The Basics”
Link: YouTube: MIT: Sarah Tabacco’s “TLC – The Basics” (YouTube)
Also available in:
Adobe Flash, Mp4 video
Instructions: Watch this 16-minute video about thin layer chromatography. Samples are often tested by TLC prior to attempting separations by column chromatography.
Terms of Use: This video is reproduced from Massachusetts Institute of Technology: MIT OpenCourseWare. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Chromatography – Introductory Theory”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Chromatography – Introductory Theory” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the entire webpage. This material explains the basic terminology of column chromatography and gives insight to optimization methods.
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- Assessment: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Chromatography – Introductory Theory Quiz”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Chromatography – Introductory Theory Quiz” (HTML)
Instructions: Complete the quiz, and then check your answers by clicking on the button at the bottom of the page.
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- Reading: David Harvey’s “Analytical Chemistry 2.0”: “Chapter 12: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods”
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4.1.1 Column Chromatography
- Lecture: YouTube: MIT: Sarah Tabacco’s “Column Chromatography”
Link: YouTube: MIT: Sarah Tabacco’s “Column Chromatography” (YouTube)
Also available in:
Adobe Flash or Mp4 Video
Instructions: Please watch the video about column chromatography (runtime: 22:24 minutes). Column chromatography is usefulin purification ofproducts from organic reactions.
Terms of Use: This video is reproduced from Massachusetts Institute of Technology: MIT OpenCourseWare. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 3.0. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: You Tube: Amrita University’s “Isolation of Plant Pigments by Column Chromatography”
Link: You Tube: Amrita University’s “Isolation of Plant Pigments by Column Chromatography” (YouTube)
Instructions: Please watch this brief video (runtime: 3:15 minutes). This video demonstrates and describes the column chromatography.
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- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 12: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods:” Practice Exercises 12.1-12.4
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 12: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods:” Practice Exercises 12.1-12.4 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 12 to open the PDF. Complete the following practice exercises: 12.1 (p. 792), 12.2 (p. 794), 12.3 (p. 795), and 12.4 (p. 797). Solutions to these problems begin on page 881.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Lecture: YouTube: MIT: Sarah Tabacco’s “Column Chromatography”
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4.1.2 Gas Chromatography
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 12: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods:” Practice Exercises 12.5 and 12.6
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 12: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods:” Practice Exercises 12.5 and 12.6 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 12 to open the PDF. Work through practice problems 12.5 (p. 821) and 12.6 (p. 823). Solutions to these problems begin on page 882.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Gas Chromatography”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Gas Chromatography” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the entire webpage. This material covers the theory and instrumental components of gas chromatography.
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- Assessment: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Gas Chromatography Quiz”
Link: Sheffield Hallam University’s “Gas Chromatography Quiz” (HTML)
Instructions: Complete the quiz, and then check your answers by clicking on the button at the bottom of the page.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 12: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods:” Practice Exercises 12.5 and 12.6
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4.1.2.1 Mass Spectroscopy
- Web Media: YouTube: The Royal Society of Chemistry’s “Mass Spectrometry MS”
Link: YouTube: The Royal Society of Chemistry’s “Mass Spectrometry MS” (YouTube)
Instructions: Please watch this brief video (runtime: 7:59 minutes). This video demonstrates the laboratory technique of mass spectrometry, including a review of the instrumentation and how data is obtained.
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- Web Media: YouTube: The Royal Society of Chemistry’s “Mass Spectrometry MS”
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4.1.2.2 GC/MS Chromatography
- Web Media: YouTube: C.R. Harrison’s “Gas Chromatography Demo”
Link: YouTube: C. R. Harrison’s “Gas Chromatography Demo” (YouTube)
Instructions: Please watch this short video (runtime: 2:12 minutes). This video demonstrates the laboratory technique used for gas chromatography.
Terms of Use: The linked material above has been reposted by the kind permission of C.R. Harrison. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You can find the original version here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: C.R. Harrison’s “Gas Chromatography Demo”
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4.1.3 High Performance Liquid Chromatography
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 12: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods:” Practice Exercises 12.7 and 12.8
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 12: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods:” Practice Exercises 12.7 and 12.8 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 12 to open the PDF. Try to complete the following practice problems: 12.7 (p. 831) and 12.8 (p. 841). Solutions to these problems begin on page 883.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 12: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods:” Practice Exercises 12.7 and 12.8
- 4.1.4 Other Liquid Chromatography Methods
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4.1.4.1 Liquid-Solid Absorption Chromatography
- Reading: Separationprocesses.com: S.M. Cheah’s: Chromatography Mechanisms
Link: Separationprocesses.com: S.M. Cheah’s: Chromatography Mechanisms (HTML)
Instructions: Read the webpage for supplemental information on liquid-solid adsorption chromatography. This page also contains additional information on ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC).
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- Reading: Separationprocesses.com: S.M. Cheah’s: Chromatography Mechanisms
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4.1.4.2 Ion-Exchange Chromatography (IEC)
- Web Media: YouTube: C.R. Harrison’s “Ion Exchange Column”
Link: YouTube: C. R. Harrison’s “Ion Exchange Column” (YouTube)
Instructions: Please watch this video (runtime: 4:24 minutes). This video demonstrates the laboratory technique used in ion exchange chromatography.
Terms of Use: The linked material above has been reposted by the kind permission of C.R. Harrison. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You can find the original version here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: C.R. Harrison’s “Ion Exchange Column”
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4.1.4.3 Size-Exclusion Chromatography (SEC)
- Web Media: YouTube: Dr. Melissa Moss’: “Size-Exclusion Chromatography”
Link: YouTube: Dr. Melissa Moss’: “Size-Exclusion Chromatography” (YouTube)
Instructions: Please watch this video (runtime: 3:20 minutes). This video demonstrates the application and theory of size-exclusion (or gel filtration) chromatography. Please note that SEC is used in combination with a scattering technique to gain information about the analyte.
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- Web Media: YouTube: Dr. Melissa Moss’: “Size-Exclusion Chromatography”
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4.1.4.4 Supercritical-Fluid Chromatography
- Reading: Virginia Tech’s “Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC)”
Link: Virginia Tech’s “Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC)” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the information on the page. This material covers the theory, instrumentation, and application of SFC.
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- Web Media: YouTube: Waters’ Dr. Curtis White: “SFC Explained”
Link: YouTube: Waters’ Dr. Curt White: “SFC Explained” (YouTube)
Instructions: Please watch this video (runtime: 3:25 minutes). Note that SFC theory is similar to liquid chromatography. This video illustrates the instrumentation. Also note that SFC is used in combination with a mass spectroscopy to gain information about the analyte.
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- Reading: Virginia Tech’s “Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC)”
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4.2 Electrophoresis
- Web Media: You Tube: Amrita University’s “Agarose Gel Electrophoresis”
Link: You Tube: Amrita University’s “Agarose Gel Electrophoresis” (YouTube)
Instructions: Please watch this brief video (runtime: 2:54 minutes). This video demonstrates and describes the process of gel electrophoresis.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 12: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods:” Practice Exercise 12.9
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 12: Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods:” Practice Exercise 12.9 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 12 to open the PDF. Please complete practice problem 12.9 (p. 859). The solution begins on page 884.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: You Tube: Amrita University’s “Agarose Gel Electrophoresis”
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Unit 5: Electrochemistry
Analytical electrochemical methods measure the response of an electrolyte through current of potential. Electrochemical methods are very accurate and have the advantage of not requiring calibration or a standard. This unit begins with a review of electrochemistry and galvanic (voltaic) cells. The next subunits describe potentiometric and coulometric methods of analyte analysis. Potentiometric methods measure electrode potential to analyze the analyte’s activity. Coulometric methods measure the amount of electricity produced or consumed during electrolysis of an analyte. The final subunit discusses voltammetricmethods, whichmeasure the current as a function of the applied potential to an analyte.
Unit 5 Time Advisory show close
Unit 5 Learning Outcomes show close
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5.1 Electrochemistry Overview
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 11: Electrochemical Methods”
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 11: Electrochemical Methods” (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 11 to open the PDF. Read all of Chapter 11, pages 667-760 of the text. This material covers all of Unit 5.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: Bannanaiscool’s “Senior Chemistry: Redox I-X”
Link: YouTube: Bannanaiscool’s “Senior Chemistry: Redox” (YouTube)
Instructions: Watch the video in its entirety (total runtime: 46:42 minutes). These lectures review basic electrochemistry.
Terms of Use: The linked material above has been reposted by the kind permission of Rob Lederer, and can be viewed in its original form here. Please note that this material is under copyright and cannot be reproduced in any capacity without explicit permission from the copyright holder.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 11: Electrochemical Methods”
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5.2 Potentiometric Analysis
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 11: Electrochemical Methods:” Practice Exercises 11.1-11.6
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 11: Electrochemical Methods:” Practice Exercises 11.1-11.6 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 11 to open the PDF. Work through practice problems 11.1 (p. 677), 11.2 (p. 678), 11.3 (p. 679), 11.4 (p. 685), 11.5 (p. 690), and 11.6 (p. 695). Solutions to these problems begin on page 777.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 11: Electrochemical Methods:” Practice Exercises 11.1-11.6
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5.3 Coulometric Analysis
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 11: Electrochemical Methods:” Practice Exercise 11.7
Link: David Harvey’s “Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 11: Electrochemical Methods” Practice Problem 11.7 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 11 to open the PDF. Work on practice problem 11.7 (p. 725). The solution begins on page 779.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 11: Electrochemical Methods:” Practice Exercise 11.7
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5.4 Voltammetric Analysis
- Web Media: YouTube: Pharmacy Brighton’s “Cyclic Voltammetry”
Link: YouTube: Pharmacy Brighton’s “Cyclic Voltammetry” (YouTube)
Instructions: Watch this brief video (runtime: 1:30 minutes). This video describes the information obtained from a cyclic voltammogram.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 11: Electrochemical Methods:” Practice Exercises 11.8 and 11.9
Link: David Harvey’s Analytical Chemistry 2.0: “Chapter 11: Electrochemical Methods:” Practice Exercises 11.8 and 11.9 (PDF)
Instructions: Click on the link to Chapter 11 to open the PDF. Work practice problems 11.8 (p. 749) and 11.9 (p. 759). Solutions to these problems begin on page 780.
Terms of Use: Analytical Chemistry 2.0 by David Harvey is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The original version can be found here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: YouTube: Pharmacy Brighton’s “Cyclic Voltammetry”
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Final Exam
- Final Exam: The Saylor Foundation's CHEM108 Final Exam
Link: The Saylor Foundation's CHEM108 Final Exam
Instructions: You must be logged into your Saylor Foundation School account in order to access this exam. If you do not yet have an account, you will be able to create one, free of charge, after clicking the link.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Final Exam: The Saylor Foundation's CHEM108 Final Exam
