Pre-College English
Purpose of Course showclose
Effective writing skills are important for you to succeed in your studies at the collegiate level, as well as for your future career. This course is designed to improve your writing ability, which is necessary for entrance into English Composition 1, as well as for your ongoing success in other academic subjects. Pre-College English coursework focuses on active reading and analytic writing, with emphasis on organization, unity, coherence, and adequate development; an introduction to the expository essay; and a review of the rules and conventions of standard written English. In Unit 1, you will learn the basics of active reading and how active reading is paramount in your success as a student and beyond. You will also learn how to identify the main idea in a piece of literature, and how to create a topic sentence that conveys the main idea in your own writing. You will discover the benefits of prewriting, and will learn prewriting techniques that can be used at the onset of any writing project. In Unit 2, you will delve deeper into the main idea by learning the basics of thesis statements, while developing strong thesis statements of your own. You will also learn the value of outlines in writing, and some techniques to help you outline effectively. Units 3 and 4 continue to explore active reading by focusing on making inferences and paraphrasing material for use in your own writing. Unit 5 wraps up the writing process by providing strategies for writing introductions and conclusions. Various types of essays will be explored, along with strategies to incorporate effective introductions and conclusions. All of the units include grammar basics to facilitate your continued growth as a writer. Each unit will also include active reading practice, allowing you to apply learned skills throughout the course.
Course Information showclose
Primary Resources: This course is composed of a range of different free, online materials. However, the course makes primary use of the following materials:
- Washington State Board for Community and Technical Colleges’ Open Course Library
- Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL)
- Dartmouth College Academic Skills Center
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center
- Unit 1 Assignments
- Unit 1 Assessment
- Unit 2 Assignments
- Unit 3 Assignments
- Unit 4 Assignments
- Unit 5 Assignments
- The Final Exam
In order to pass this course, you will need to earn a 70% or higher on the Final Exam. Your score on the exam will be tabulated as soon as it is completed. If you do not pass the exam, you may take it again.
Time Commitment: This course should take you a total of approximately 61.5 hours to complete including readings, assignments, essays, and the Final Exam. Each unit includes a time advisory that lists the amount of time you are expected to spend on each subunit. These advisories should help you plan your time accordingly. It may be useful to take a look at these time advisories and to determine how much time you have over the next few weeks to complete each unit, and then to set goals for yourself. For example, Unit 1 should take you approximately 15.5 hours. Perhaps you can sit down with your calendar and decide to complete Subunit 1.1 and half of Subunit 1.2 (a total of 3 hours) on Monday night; the remainder of Subunit 1.2 (a total of 2 hours) on Tuesday; Subunit 1.3 (a total of 3 hours) on Wednesday; etc.
Tips for Completion: It may be helpful to take notes as you work through the materials in each unit in preparation for the Final Exam. Practice with active reading and writing will also help you to improve your English skills.
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This course has been developed through a partnership with the Washington State Board for Community and Technical Colleges. Unless otherwise noted, all materials are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. The Saylor Foundation has modified some materials created by the Washington State Board for Community and Technical Colleges in order to best serve our users. |
Learning Outcomes showclose
- recognize organizing principles, including the relationship between sentences;
- outline the relationships between main ideas and subordinate ideas within assigned readings;
- write analytical paragraphs in response to readings;
- recognize main and secondary points, making somewhat fine distinctions;
- make simple deductions from a series of facts;
- use punctuation correctly;
- demonstrate sound principles of critical reading;
- craft short essays employing a variety of organizational patterns;
- narrow a topic, write a clear and focused thesis statement, and create an outline with main and subordinate ideas;
- support the thesis statement with sufficient appropriate primary and secondary points and details;
- craft appropriate introductions and conclusions;
- use transitional words and expressions and employ a variety of sentence patterns to improve coherence; and
- proofread to eliminate spelling and usage errors.
Course Requirements showclose
√ have access to a computer;
√ have continuous broadband Internet access;
√ have the ability/permission to install plug-ins (e.g. Adobe Reader or Flash) and software;
√ have the ability to download and save files and documents to a computer;
√ have the ability to open and edit Microsoft Office files and documents (.doc, .docx, .ppt, .pptx, .xls, .xlsx, etc.);
√ have competency in the English language; and
√ have read the Saylor Student Handbook.
Unit Outline show close
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Unit 1: Active Reading
You will begin this course by reviewing the benefits of active reading. Successful students—and successful readers—approach reading with strategies to help them get the most out of their reading. These students actively look for main ideas and major themes, words they do not understand, and the purpose (why the piece was written) of what they are reading. In this unit, we will cover strategies to improve your active reading skills. Active reading will help you increase reading comprehension and will ensure that you retain the content. This unit will also cover creating a basic sentence and prewriting techniques to help improve your writing.
Unit 1 Time Advisory show close
Unit 1 Learning Outcomes show close
- 1.1 Active Reading
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1.1.1 Active Reading Strategies
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Active Reading”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Active Reading” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this lecture for an introduction to active reading.
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Active Reading”
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1.1.2 Active vs. Passive Reading
- Web Media: School Tube: Kristina Mattis’s “Active vs. Passive Reading”
Link: School Tube: Kristina Mattis’s “Active vs. Passive Reading” (HTML5 or Flash)
Instructions: Please watch this five-minute video that compares and contrasts active reading vs. passive reading.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Web Media: School Tube: Kristina Mattis’s “Active vs. Passive Reading”
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1.1.3 The Reading Environment
- Reading: Dartmouth College’s Academic Skills Center: “The Reading Environment”
Link: Dartmouth College’s Academic Skills Center: “The Reading Environment” (DOC)
Instructions: Follow the link above to Dartmouth College’s Academic Skills Center. Scroll down the webpage to the heading “Where to Read,” and click on the link entitled “The Reading Environment” to download and read the document. Also read “Six Reading Myths” under the heading “Reading Myths.”
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Dartmouth College’s Academic Skills Center: “The Reading Environment”
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1.1.4 Taking Effective Notes
- Reading: Dartmouth College’s Academic Skills Center: “The Cornell Note-Taking System”
Link: Dartmouth College’s Academic Skills Center: “The Cornell Note-Taking System” (DOC)
Instructions: Follow the link above to Dartmouth College’s Academic Skills Center. Scroll down to the heading “Notetaking” and click on the link entitled “The Cornell Note Taking System” to download and read the document.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Dartmouth College’s Academic Skills Center: “The Cornell Note-Taking System”
- 1.2 The Main Idea
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1.2.1 Identifying the Main Idea
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Finding the Main Idea”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Finding the Main Idea” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this lecture and complete the included activities, in which you identify the main ideas from the excerpts of “A Scandal in Bohemia,” which is part of the active reading assignment in Subunit 1.5.
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation’s “Main Idea Paragraph”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Main Idea Paragraph” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read this prompt and write a paragraph using the information you have learned about main ideas. When you are done, check your work against The Saylor Foundation’s “Guide to Responding to the Main Idea Paragraph”. (PDF)
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Finding the Main Idea”
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1.2.2 Finding the Topic Sentence
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Main Idea and Supporting Sentences”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Main Idea and Supporting Sentences” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this lecture and complete the included activities, in which you identify the main ideas and supporting details of different paragraphs.
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Main Idea and Supporting Sentences”
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1.2.3 Identifying the Theme
- Assessment: English Articles: “Finding the Topic Sentence Test”
Link: English Articles: “Finding the Topic Sentence Test” (HTML)
Instructions: Complete this activity on finding the topic sentence. Read each selection and choose the topic sentence that best fits the information in the paragraph. Check your answers at the bottom of the page.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use on the webpage displayed above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: English Articles: “Finding the Topic Sentence Test”
- 1.3 The Basic Sentence
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1.3.1 The Basic Sentence
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Basic Sentence”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Basic Sentence” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read this lecture on the basic structure of a sentence and complete the practice activities, in which you identify subjects and verbs, revise clauses as complete sentences, and revise sentences to include proper punctuation. Once you have completed the practice, check your answers against the Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Basic Sentence – Answer Key” (PDF).
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Basic Sentence”
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1.3.2 Strategies for Variation
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Strategies for Variation”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Strategies for Variation” (HTML)
Instructions: Read this page for tips on varying sentence structure. Keep this information in mind for future writing assignments.
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- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Strategies for Variation”
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1.3.3 Sentence Types
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Sentence Types”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Sentence Types” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read this selection to learn about simple, complex, and compound sentence structures.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation’s “Main Idea and Supporting Sentences Quiz”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Main Idea and Supporting Sentences Quiz” (PDF)
Instructions: For the two paragraphs in the assessment, first identify the main idea sentence, and then identify the type sentence (simple, compound, complex, compound-complex) of each of the examples. When you are done, check your work against The Saylor Foundation’s “Main Idea and Supporting Sentences Quiz Answer Sheet” (PDF).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Sentence Types”
- 1.4 Prewriting
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1.4.1 Introduction to Prewriting
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation’s “Deductive Reasoning Assessment”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Deductive Reasoning Assessment” (PDF)
Instructions: Please complete this assessment. You can check your answers with the Saylor Foundation’s “Deductive Reasoning Answer Key” (PDF).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Pre-Writing”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Pre-Writing” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article on various pre-writing techniques and complete the activities to practice the different methods of pre-writing.
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation’s “Deductive Reasoning Assessment”
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1.4.2 Prewriting Questions
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Prewriting (Invention) General Questions”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Prewriting (Invention) General Questions” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read this selection for advice on questions that you should consider when prewriting.
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- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Prewriting (Invention) General Questions”
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1.4.3 Prewriting Strategies
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Invention: Starting the Writing Process”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Invention: Starting the Writing Process” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read this selection to learn about writing as a process and to consider prewriting strategies that may help you get started.
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- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Invention: Starting the Writing Process”
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1.5 Active Reading Practice
- Reading: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “A Scandal in Bohemia”
Link: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “A Scandal in Bohemia” (PDF)
Instructions: Read the story using active reading strategies. When you have finished reading, take the Saylor Foundation’s “A Scandal in Bohemia Quiz” (PDF). You may check your answers against the Saylor Foundation’s “A Scandal in Bohemia Quiz – Answers” (PDF).
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- Reading: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “A Scandal in Bohemia”
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Unit 2: Combining Ideas
In the previous unit you mastered different pre-writing strategies. These strategies will help you discover information, but a paragraph isn’t merely a list of facts. A paragraph presents your ideas about a topic and then uses specific examples from other sources to structure your information, develop your ideas, and support your conclusions. In order to do this, the sentences in a paragraph must work together. When sentences work together, the writing flows effortlessly and makes it easier for your audience to read your work and understand the development of your ideas. This unit will teach you how to compose effective paragraphs. It will also discuss the power of an effective thesis statement and will give you the information you need to create powerful thesis statements in your own writing.
Unit 2 Time Advisory show close
Unit 2 Learning Outcomes show close
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2.1 Developing Relationships Between Ideas
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Developing the Relationships Between Ideas”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Developing the Relationships Between Ideas” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article about connecting sentences within a paragraph in a meaningful way. Complete the practice activities, in which you will identify the relationships between ideas in a paragraph and practice developing a paragraph that connects ideas.
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation’s “Relationships Between Ideas Paragraph”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Relationships Between Ideas Paragraph” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read the linked prompt and write a paragraph using what you have learned about developing relationships between sentences. When you are done, check your work against The Saylor Foundation’s “Guide to Responding to the Relationships Between Ideas Paragraph” (PDF).
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- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Developing the Relationships Between Ideas”
- 2.2 Grammar Practice
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2.2.1 Fragments
- Activity: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Fragments”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Fragments” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article on sentence fragments and complete the practice activities, in which you identify both subjects and verbs that make a sentence a complete thought. Once you have completed the practice activities, check your answers against the Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Fragments – Answer Key” (PDF).
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Activity: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Fragments”
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2.2.2 Comma Splices and Run-on Sentences
- Activity: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Comma Splice & Run-On Sentence”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Comma Splice & Run-On Sentence” (PDF)
Instructions: Read the lecture on how to fix comma splices and run-on sentences, and then complete the practice activities in which you correctly punctuate sentences to avoid the errors of comma splices and run-ons. Once you have completed the practice activities, check your answers against the Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Comma Splice & Run-On Sentence – Answer Key” (PDF).
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Activity: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Comma Splice & Run-On Sentence”
- 2.3 Thesis Statements
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2.3.1 Thesis Statement Basics
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Thesis Statements”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Thesis Statements” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article about developing successful thesis statements and exploring what makes a bad thesis statement.
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Thesis Statements”
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2.3.2 Types of Thesis Statements
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Tips and Examples for Writing Thesis Statements”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Tips and Examples for Writing Thesis Statements” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read this selection for tips on writing effective thesis statements.
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- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Tips and Examples for Writing Thesis Statements”
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2.3.3 Developing Strong Thesis Statements
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Developing Strong Thesis Statements”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Developing Strong Thesis Statements” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the selection above to learn about elements that make a strong thesis statement, such as narrowing your claim and making sure your claim is debatable.
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- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Developing Strong Thesis Statements”
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2.4 Outlines
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Outlines”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Outlines” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article about the pre-writing strategy of developing an outline.
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Outlines”
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2.4.1 Outline Components
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Four Main Components for Effective Outlines”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Four Main Components for Effective Outlines” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the selection above for information on four main components of outline development.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Four Main Components for Effective Outlines”
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2.4.2 How to Outline
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Why and How to Create a Useful Outline”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Why and How to Create a Useful Outline” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read this selection for information on how to outline in order to organize your ideas.
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- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Why and How to Create a Useful Outline”
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2.4.3 Types of Outlines
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Types of Outlines and Samples”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Types of Outlines and Samples” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read this selection to learn about different types of outlines and see examples of each. Try to understand how each could be useful depending on the purpose of your writing assignment.
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- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Types of Outlines and Samples”
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2.5 Active Reading Practice
- Reading: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “The Red-Headed League”
Link: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “The Red-Headed League” (PDF)
Instructions: Read the story using active reading strategies. You may listen to the story as you read along. When you have finished, take the Saylor Foundation’s “The Red-Headed League Quiz” (PDF). You may check your answers against the Saylor Foundation’s “The Red-Headed League Quiz – Answer Key” (PDF)
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation’s “Reflection on the Reading Discussion”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Reflection on the Reading Discussion” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read this prompt and use what you have learned from the Sherlock Holmes stories to answer the questions. When you are done, check your work against The Saylor Foundation’s “Guide to Responding to Discussion Questions” (PDF).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “The Red-Headed League”
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Unit 3: Making Inferences
In this unit, you will discover the importance of making inferences. Making inferences is a reading comprehension strategy that will help you learn, remember, and apply what you have read. Another way of thinking about making inferences is learning to read between the lines. In other words, you will learn to draw conclusions from what the author has implied. What are the relationships between the main ideas and the subordinate ideas? Writers often convey meaning beyond the actual words. This unit will also continue to add to your grammar knowledge by introducing the semicolon and colon and showing how these types of punctuation can help you to convey your points. This unit will also discuss proofreading and enable you to read between the linesof your own writing.
Unit 3 Time Advisory show close
Unit 3 Learning Outcomes show close
- 3.1 Making Inferences
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3.1.1 Making Inferences Basics
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Making Inferences”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Making Inferences” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article about the reading strategy of making inferences and complete the practice activities, in which you make inferences about particular situations.
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Making Inferences”
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3.1.2 Making Inferences – Advanced
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Making Inferences – Advanced”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Making Inferences – Advanced” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article about if-then statements and complete the practice assignments to apply what you have learned about making advanced inferences.
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Making Inferences – Advanced”
- 3.2 Grammar Practice
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3.2.1 Semicolon and Colon
- Activity: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Semicolon, Colon, and Dashes”
Link: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Semicolon, Colon, and Dashes” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this webpage about how to use semicolons, colons, and dashes. Complete the activities to practice using these types of punctuation.
Terms of Use: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 License (HTML). It is attributed to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center and the original version can be found here (HTML).The Saylor Foundation does not yet have materials for this portion of the course. If you are interested in contributing your content to fill this gap or aware of a resource that could be used here, please submit it here.
- Activity: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Semicolon, Colon, and Dashes”
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3.2.2 Advanced Comma Rules
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Advanced Comma Rules”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Advanced Comma Rules” (PDF)
Instructions: Read the information about comma rules, and complete the practice activities in which you punctuate sentences with commas where appropriate. When you are finished, you may check your asnwers against the Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Advanced Comma Rules - Answer Key” (PDF).
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License (HTML). It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here (HTML).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Advanced Comma Rules”
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3.2.3 Subject and Verb Agreement
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Making Subjects and Verbs Agree”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Making Subjects and Verbs Agree” (HTML)
Instructions: Read the information about subject and verb agreement.
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- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Making Subjects and Verbs Agree”
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3.2.4 The Art of Proofreading
- Reading: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Proofreading”
Link: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Proofreading” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article about how to revise your writing. Once you’ve completed the reading, go back through the handout. There were several errors, including spelling, punctuation and grammar errors. Try to find them. Click on the link at the bottom of the page for the answer key.
Terms of Use: This work is licensed under a Creative CommonsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 License (HTML). It is attributed to The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center and the original version can be found here (HTML).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation’s “Sherlock Holmes Writing Prompt”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Sherlock Holmes Writing Prompt” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read this prompt and write a paragraph using what you have learned in the reading assignments and previous lessons. When you are done, check your work against the Saylor Foundation’s “Guide to Responding to the Sherlock Holmes Writing Prompt” (PDF).
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Proofreading”
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3.3 Active Reading Practice
- Reading: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “The Five Orange Pips”
Link: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “The Five Orange Pips” (PDF)
Instructions: Instructions: Read the story using active reading strategies. When you have finished reading, take the Saylor Foundation’s “The Five Orange Pips Quiz” (PDF). You may check your answers against the Saylor Foundation’s “The Five Orange Pips Quiz – Answers” (PDF).
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation’s “The Five Orange Pips Assessment”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “The Five Orange Pips Assessment” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read this prompt and use your knowledge of the story and making inferences to answer the questions. When you are done, check your work against The Saylor Foundation’s “Guide to Responding to The Five Orange Pips Discussion Questions” (PDF).
Terms of Use: This work is licensed under a Creative CommonsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 License (HTML).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “The Five Orange Pips”
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Unit 4: Transitions and Summarization
In both academic and professional writing, your goal is to convey information clearly and concisely, if not to convert the reader to your way of thinking. Transitions help you achieve these goals by establishing logical connections between sentences, paragraphs, and sections of your papers. In other words, transitions tell readers what to do with presented information. Whether single words, quick phrases, or full sentences, transitions function as signs for readers that tell them how to think about, organize, and react to old and new ideas as they read through what you have written.This unit will focus on transitions and summarization and how to incorporate them into your writing.
Unit 4 Time Advisory show close
Unit 4 Learning Outcomes show close
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4.1 Transitions
- Reading: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Transitions”
Link: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Transitions” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article about organizing your writing with transitions, and then complete the practice activities at the bottom of the page in which you will use transitional phrases.
Terms of Use: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 License (HTML). It is attributed to University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center, and the original version can be found here (HTML). The two Practice Problems were created by Washington State Colleges, and are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3 Unported License (HTML).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Transitions”
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4.1.1 Writing Transitions
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Writing Transitions”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Writing Transitions” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the selection above to learn about transitional language that aids in the flow and connection of ideas in a piece of writing.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Writing Transitions”
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4.1.2 Transitional Devices
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Transitional Devices”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Transitional Devices” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read the selection above to learn about examples transitional phrases and their functions.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Transitional Devices”
- 4.2 Summarization
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4.2.1 Summarization Basics
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Summarization”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Summarization” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article about the importance and skill of summarizing, and complete the practice at the bottom of the page.
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License (HTML). It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here (HTML).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Summarization”
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4.2.2 Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read this selection to learn about the differences between quoting, paraphrasing, and summarizing, and to understand when it is appropriate to use each.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing”
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4.2.3 How to Paraphrase
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Paraphrase: Write It in Your Own Words”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Paraphrase: Write It in Your Own Words” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read this selection to learn how to paraphrase.
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Paraphrase: Write It in Your Own Words”
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4.2.4 Paraphrasing Samples
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Sample Essay for Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Quoting”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Sample Essay for Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Quoting” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read this selection to see examples of a summary, paraphrasing, and quotes from a sample essay. Try to practice developing a paragraph on the topic of mandatory attendance in which you integrate properly cited summary, paraphrase, and quotes from the sample essay.
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- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Sample Essay for Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Quoting”
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4.2.5 Plagiarism
- Reading: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Plagiarism”
Link: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Plagiarism” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read the selection above to review what plagiarism is and to outline steps so that you can avoid plagiarism in your papers.
Terms of Use: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 License (HTML). It is attributed to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center and the original version can be found here (HTML).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Plagiarism”
- 4.3 Grammar Practice
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4.3.1 Quotation Marks
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Quotation Marks”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Quotation Marks” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article about the various ways to use quotation marks and then complete the practice activity, in which you add quotation marks in the appropriate place to make each sentence grammatically correct. When you have finished, you may check your answers against the Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Quotation Marks - Answer Key” (PDF).
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation’s “Summarization Paragraph”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Summarization Paragraph” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read this prompt and write a paragraph using what you have learned about summarizing. When you are done, check your work against The Saylor Foundation’s “Guide to Responding to the Summarization Paragraph Assessment” (PDF).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar Practice: Quotation Marks”
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4.3.2 Apostrophe
- Activity: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar: Apostrophe”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar: Apostrophe” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article about the apostrophe and then complete the practice activity. When you have finished, you may check your answers against the Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar: Apostrophe – Answer Key” (PDF).
Terms of Use: This material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Activity: The Saylor Foundation’s “Grammar: Apostrophe”
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4.4 Active Reading Practice
- Reading: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle”
Link: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this story using active reading strategies. After you have read, take the Saylor Foundation’s “Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle Quiz” (PDF). You may check your answers against the Saylor Foundation’s “Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle Quiz – Answer Key” (PDF).
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the webpage above.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle”
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Unit 5: Introductions and Conclusions
We have come full circle in our writing lessons, and now you need to learn effective strategies to introduce and conclude your writing. Introductions and conclusions can be the most difficult parts of papers to write. While the body is often easier to write, it needs a frame around it. An introduction and conclusion frame your thoughts and bridge your ideas for the reader. In this unit, you will learn the importance of a good introduction and a good conclusion and techniques that will leave your audience with a great impression.
Unit 5 Time Advisory show close
Unit 5 Learning Outcomes show close
- 5.1 Beginning and Ending an Essay
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5.1.1 Writing Introductions
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Introductions”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Introductions” (HTML)
Instructions: Please this selection to learn how to create a successful and engaging introduction.
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- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Introductions”
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5.1.2 Writing Conclusions
- Reading: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Conclusions”
Link: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Conclusions” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article about how to write an effective conclusion.
Terms of Use: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 License (HTML). It is attributed to The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center, and the original version can be found here (HTML).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Conclusions”
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5.1.3 Strategies for Paper Organization
- Reading: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Reorganizing Drafts”
Link: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Reorganizing Drafts” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this article about how to structure and reorganize your drafts to ensure that they are clear, effective, and engaging.
Terms of Use: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 License (HTML). It is attributed to The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center, and the original version can be found here (HTML).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Writing Center: “Reorganizing Drafts”
- 5.1.4 Introductions and Conclusions in Various Essay Formats
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5.1.4.1 Exploratory Essays
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Exploratory Papers” and “Organizing an Exploratory Essay”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Exploratory Papers” (HTML) and “Organizing an Exploratory Essay” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read these selections about how to organize an exploratory essay. Exploratory essays explore a topic in the sense that it generates inquiry, rather than presents conclusions based on factual evidence. The purpose of the exploratory essay is to inform the audience about the topic.
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- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Exploratory Papers” and “Organizing an Exploratory Essay”
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5.1.4.2 Research Essays
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Genre and the Research Paper”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Genre and the Research Paper” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read this selection to examine what is included in a research paper.
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- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Genre and the Research Paper”
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5.1.4.3 Argument Essays
- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Introductions, Body Paragraphs, and Conclusions for an Argument Paper”
Link: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Introductions, Body Paragraphs, and Conclusions for an Argument Paper” (HTML)
Instructions: Please read this selection to examine the elements of an argument paper.
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- Reading: Purdue University’s Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): “Introductions, Body Paragraphs, and Conclusions for an Argument Paper”
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5.2 Active Reading Practice
- Reading: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “The Adventure of the Speckled Band”
Link: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “The Adventure of the Speckled Band” (PDF)
Instructions: Read this story using active reading strategies. After you have finished, take the Saylor Foundation’s “Adventure of the Speckled Band Quiz” (PDF). You may check your answers against the Saylor Foundation’s “Adventure of the Speckled Band Quiz – Answer Key” (PDF).
Terms of Use: Please respect the copyright and terms of use displayed on the web page above. The Saylor Foundation material is licensed under a Creative Commons By Attribution (BY) License. It was adapted from materials created by the Washington State Board of Community and Technical Colleges (WSBCTC). It can be viewed in its original form here.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation’s “Speckled Band Assessment”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Speckled Band Assessment” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read this prompt and respond to the questions. When you are done, check your work against The Saylor Foundation’s “Guide to Responding to the Speckled Band Assessment” (PDF).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Reading: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s “The Adventure of the Speckled Band”
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5.3 Theme Writing
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation’s “Theme Based on the Works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “Theme Based on the Works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle” (PDF)
Instructions: Please read this prompt and use your knowledge of the works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle to respond. When you are done, check your work against The Saylor Foundation’s “Guide to Responding to Theme Based on the Works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle” (PDF).See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Assessment: The Saylor Foundation’s “Theme Based on the Works of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle”
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Final Exam
- Final Exam: The Saylor Foundation’s “ENGL000 Final Exam”
Link: The Saylor Foundation’s “ENGL000 Final Exam”
Instructions: You must be logged into your Saylor Foundation School account in order to access this exam. If you do not yet have an account, you will be able to create one, free of charge, after clicking the link.See a broken link? Please let us know!
- Final Exam: The Saylor Foundation’s “ENGL000 Final Exam”
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